Table 1.
Mean (SD) and prevalence of demographic and clinical characteristics of CVD cases and healthy controls: MHS 1990–1992 and 1995–1997.
| CVD risk factor | Cases(n = 211) | Controls (n = 253) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 69 (11) | 67 (12) | 0.05 |
| Men | 125 (59%) | 157 (62%) | 0.54 |
| Race, white | 203 (96%) | 245 (97%) | 0.70 |
| Education | |||
| <High school | 77 (36%) | 70 (28%) | 0.11 |
| High school graduate | 34 (16%) | 41 (16%) | |
| Some college | 58 (27%) | 70 (28%) | |
| College graduate | 42 (20%) | 71 (28%) | |
| Current smoking, | 44 (21%) | 30 (12%) | 0.008 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.1 (4.7) | 27.2 (4.9) | 0.06 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 15.2 (2.1) | 14.8 (2.3) | 0.06 |
| Abdominal obesity | 113 (54%) | 108 (43%) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes (self-report) | 37 (18%) | 22 (9%) | 0.004 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 137 (20) | 131 (19) | 0.002 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78 (14) | 78 (13) | 0.82 |
| High blood pressure | 149 (71%) | 117 (46%) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dLa | 221 (42) | 212 (39) | 0.02 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dLa | 42 (14) | 45 (14) | 0.04 |
| High cholesterol, n (%) | 90 (44%) | 66 (26%) | <0.001 |
| Low HDL | 94 (48%) | 93 (38%) | 0.04 |
| Previous hospitalization for CVD | 64 (30%) | 15 (6%) | <0.001 |
| MR-proANP (n = 344), >85.2 pmol/L | 34 (24%) | 26 (13%) | 0.006 |
| ST2 (n = 458), decreasedb | 155 (75%) | 182 (73%) | 0.57 |
| Copeptin (n = 375), >11.25 pmol/L | 16 (11%) | 18 (8%) | 0.56 |
| NT-proBNP (n = 407), increasedc | 33 (19%) | 10 (5%) | <0.001 |
| hsCRP (n = 407), >3.0 mg/L | 124 (71%) | 119 (51%) | <0.001 |
| cTnl, (n = 405), >34 ng/L | 5 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.01 |
| hs-cTnI (n = 430), >10.1 ng/L | 17 (9%) | 2 (1%) | <0.001 |
a
To convert cholesterol from milligrams per deciliter to millimoles per liter multiply by 0.02586.
b
ST2: males < 30.6U/mL, females <20.9 U/mL.
c
NT-proBNP: <50 years <450 ng/L, > 50 years >900 ng/L.