. 2017 Oct 17;5:e3930. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3930

Table 1. Mean values (±S.E.) for soil chemistry variables and significance from two-way ANOVA (N = 45 for all comparisons; soil chemistry data were not generated for 25–30 cm) samples.

Different letters (a, b, c, d) indicate significantly different treatment effects using Tukey’s Honestly significant difference multiple comparison tests. Treatments are as follows: Pp, Permanent pasture; Pf, Permanent fallow; Ii, Intensive tillage; Mm, Moderate tillage; Nn, No-till. Depths are as follows: t, top (0–7.5 cm), m, middle (7.5–15 cm) and b, bottom (15–25 cm).

Variable	Unit	Mean	±S.E.	Treatment P	Depth P	Interaction P	Treatment rank^a	Depth rank^a
Total C	g kg⁻¹	21.9	±0.09	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	^aPp>^bMm>^bNn>^bIi>^cPf	^at>^bm>^cb
Total N	g kg⁻¹	1.90	±0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	^aPp>^bMm>^bNn>^bIi>^cPf	^at>^bm>^cb
MWD	mm	1.30	±0.09	<0.001	<0.001	0.015	^aPp>^bNn>^bMm>^cIi>^dPf	^at>^bm>^cb
MBC	µg g⁻¹	386.91	±32.9	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	^aPp>^bMm>^bIi>^bNn>^cPf	^at>^bm>^cb
MBN	µg g⁻¹	59.17	±4.70	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	^aPp>^bMm>^bIi>^bNn>^cPf	^at>^bm>^cb
pH		5.43	±0.06	<0.001	<0.001	0.003	^aPp>^bMm>^bNn>^bIi>^cPf	^am>^at>^bb
Moisture	%	21.03	±0.44	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	^aNn>^aIi>^aMm>^aPf>^bPp	^at>^bm>^cb
Exch. acid	cmol_ckg⁻¹	0.53	±0.05	<0.001	0.822	0.217	^aPf>^bcIi>^bcNn>^bcMm>^cPp	^ab>^am>^at
Exch. al	cmol_ckg ⁻¹	0.34	±0.04	<0.001	0.267	0.178	^aPf>^bcIi>^bcNn>^bcMm>^cPp	^ab>^am>^at

Notes.

Means for each level of treatment and depth were ranked from highest to lowest.