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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Biochem Biophys. 2017 May 31;632:47–58. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.05.017

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Biosynthetic pathways for the ubiquitous isoprene units, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP, 1) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP, 2). These compounds can be interconverted by isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) enzymes.