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Inflation and active contraction of an idealized model of the left ventricle of the heart. A, The reference configuration of the left ventricle model is a truncated ellipsoid. B, Passive inflation of an isotropic version of the left ventricular model. C, Active contraction of a transversely isotropic left ventricle model that includes transmural fiber rotation. Notice the torsion induced by the active contractile forces. D‐F, Slices of the configurations shown in panels A to C
