Table 3.

Representative examples indicating the dPCR approaches detecting GMO.

Multiplexing	Techniques	Methods	Target genes	Reference
Simplex	cdPCR	Taxon specific	HMG, LEC, GLU, and CRU	Brod et al., 2013
		Element specific	Cry1Ab, Cry1F, Cry1A.105, and Cry2Bb	Brod et al., 2014
	ddPCR	Event specific	Bt176, Bt11, GA21, and GT73	Morisset et al., 2013;
		Taxon specific	HMG	Li et al., 2015
		Event specific	MON810
Duplex	cdPCR	Taxon specific	HMG	Corbisier et al., 2010
		Event specific	MON810	Burns et al., 2010
	ddPCR	Taxon specific	HMG
		Even specific	MON810	Morisset et al., 2013

HMG, major high mobility group protein gene corn; LEC, soybean lectin gene; GLU, sugar beet glutamine synthetase gene; CRU, cruciferin gene of colza; Cry, gene carrying Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin.