FIG. 4.

In vitro release of Gem solution and Gem-GNCs within DPBS (pH 7.4) and SLF (Gamble's solution; pH 7.4). Lyophilized formulations were resuspended in distilled deionized water and placed into a dialysis membrane bag with molecular weight cutoff of 12–14 kDa. The membrane bags were then placed into 100 mL of DPBS or Gamble's SLF medium maintained at a temperature of 37°C with continuous stirring at 300 rpm. At specified time intervals, 0.5 mL dissolution medium was sampled and analyzed for Gem content using high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV diode array detector. The amount of Gem-GNC filled into the membrane bag was 10 mg/mL at 0.48% w/w Gem content. The Gem solution filled into the membrane bag was 0.1 mg/mL. Total volume of the Gem-GNC suspension and the Gem solution was 0.5 mL. Results are represented as mean ± SD (n = 3). SLF, simulated lung fluid.