Chronic HIV infection is associated with increases in BAL oxidative stress. BAL fluid was collected from HIV-uninfected control subjects (Control, n = 6) and from HIV-infected subjects (HIV, n = 22). H2O2 generation was measured by Amplex Red assay (n = 28, in duplicate). Values were normalized to total protein and are expressed as mean ± SEM, relative to control. *p < .05 versus control. BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; SEM, standard error of the mean.