Table 2.
Adjusted cause-specific hazard ratios for incident ESRD by quartiles of percent-predicted FVC and FEV1/FVC
| Q4 (highest) | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 (lowest) | P for trendc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent-Predicted FVCa | |||||
| No. of Participants | 3,736 | 3,737 | 3,737 | 3,736 | |
| Events | 77 (2.1%) | 98 (2.6%) | 130 (3.5%) | 221 (5.9%) | |
| Incidence rated | 0.93 (0.74–1.16)d | 1.20 (0.99–1.47)d | 1.66 (1.40–1.98)d | 3.10 (2.72–3.54)d | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.28 (0.95–1.73) | 1.77 (1.33–2.34) | 3.20 (2.46–4.15) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.04 (0.77–1.40) | 1.24 (0.93–1.65) | 1.76 (1.34–2.31) | <0.001 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.03 (0.76–1.39) | 1.23 (0.92–1.64) | 1.72 (1.31–2.26) | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVCb | |||||
| No. of Participants | 3,736 | 3,736 | 3,737 | 3,737 | |
| Events | 112 (3.0%) | 137 (3.7%) | 122 (3.3%) | 155 (4.1%) | |
| Incidence rated | 1.37 (1.14–1.65)d | 1.70 (1.44–2.01)d | 1.54 (1.29–1.84)d | 2.14 (1.83–2.51)d | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.19 (0.92–1.52) | 1.00 (0.77–1.29) | 1.33 (1.03–1.70) | 0.05 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.21 (0.94–1.56) | 1.05 (0.81–1.36) | 1.35 (1.04–1.76) | 0.04 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.20 (0.93–1.54) | 1.04 (0.80–1.35) | 1.33 (1.03–1.73) | 0.06 |
Note: n=14,946. Unless otherwise indicated, values are given as number (percentage) or hazard ratio (95% confidence interval). Model 1 is adjusted for age, sex, race, education levels, and height; model 2 is adjusted for the variables in model 1 plus known cardiovascular and kidney risk factors (i.e., diabetes, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, history of cardiovascular disease, smoking status, cigarette-years of smoking, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and model 3 is adjusted for the variables in model 2 plus inflammatory marker (i.e., white blood cell count). Models accounted for the competing risk of death using cause-specific hazards models by treating death as censoring.
The thresholds of quartiles (%) are as follows: white men, 90.1, 98.9, and 108.0; white women, 95.1, 105.0, and 114.4; black men, 85.3, 94.9, and 103.8; and black women, 89.1, 99.5, and 110.1.
The thresholds of quartiles (%) are as follows: white men, 68.6, 74.0, and 78.2; white women, 71.5, 75.7, and 79.3; black men, 70.9, 76.5, and 80.7; and black women, 73.8, 78.5, and 82.0.
Linear trend across the quartiles of percent-predicted FVC and FEV1/FVC.
Unadjusted incidence rate (95% confidence interval) per 1000 person-years.
Abbreviations: ESRD, end-stage renal disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second of expiration; FVC, forced vital capacity; Q. quartile