Table 1.
Characteristics of patients included in the study.
| All patients (N = 279) | Influenza Vaccination YES(N = 112) | Influenza Vaccination NO (N = 167) | P value | PPSV23 vaccination YES (N = 6) | PPSV23 vaccination NO(N = 273) | P value | Hepatitis B vaccination YES (N = 5) | Hepatitis B vaccination NO(N = 274) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 67.3 ± 12.3 | 71.8 ± 9.9 | 64.4 ± 12.8 | <0.001 | 74.3 ± 12.8 | 67.2 ± 12.3 | 0.157 | 70.20 ± 5.4 | 67.2 ± 12.4 | 0.596 |
| Age ≥ 65 years | 179 (64) | 85 (76) | 94 (56) | <0.001 | 5 (83) | 174 (64) | 0.610 | 4 (80) | 175 (64) | 0.822 |
| Age < 65 years | 100 (36) | 25 (22) | 75 (45) | 1 (17) | 99 (36) | 1 (20) | 99 (36) | |||
| Sex (%) | 0.543 | 0.573 | 0.492 | |||||||
| Male | 152 (54) | 64 (57) | 88 (53) | 4 (67) | 148 (54) | 4 (80) | 148 (54) | |||
| Female | 127 (46) | 48 (43) | 79 (47) | 2 (33) | 125 (46) | 1 (20) | 126 (46) | |||
| Smoker (%) | 0.341 | 0.473 | 0.286 | |||||||
| Yes | 59 (21) | 20 (18) | 39 (23) | 0 | 59 (22) | 2 (40) | 57 (21) | |||
| No | 220 (79) | 92 (82) | 128 (77) | 6 (100) | 214 (78) | 3 (60) | 217 (79) | |||
| Comorbidity (%) | ||||||||||
| Stroke | 33 (12) | 12 (11) | 11 (7) | 0.314 | 1 (17) | 32 (12) | 1.000 | 0 | 33 (2) | 1.000 |
| Coronary artery disease | 69 (25) | 31 (28) | 38 (23) | 0.169 | 2 (33) | 67 (24) | 0.921 | 1 (20) | 68 (25) | 1.000 |
| COPD | 42 (15) | 18 (16) | 24 (14) | 0.734 | 2 (33) | 40 (15) | 0.447 | 0 | 42 (15) | 0.879 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 34 (12) | 14 (13) | 20 (12) | 1.000 | 1 (17) | 33 (12) | 1.000 | 1 (20) | 34 (12) | 1.000 |
| Hospital admission in the past | ||||||||||
| 12 months (%) | 0.613 | 0.098 | 1.000 | |||||||
| Yes | 43 (15) | 19 (17) | 24 (14) | 3 (50) | 40 (15) | 1 (20) | 42 (15) | |||
| No | 236 (84) | 93 (83) | 143 (86) | 3 (50) | 233 (85) | 4 (80) | 232 (85) | |||
| Treatment with insulin (%) | 0.001 | 0.711 | 0.547 | |||||||
| Yes | 57 (20) | 20 (18) | 37 (22) | 2 (33) | 55 (20) | 2 (40) | 55 (20) | |||
| No | 222 (80) | 92 (82) | 130 (78) | 4 (67) | 218 (80) | 3 (60) | 219 (80) | |||
| HbA1c (%) | 7.0 ± 1.4 | 7.1 ± 1.5 | 6.8 ± 1.3 | 0.101 | 7.9 ± 2.5 | 6.9 ± 1.4 | 0.085 | 7.4 ± 1.9 | 7.0 ± 1.4 | 0.519 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 53 ± 7.0 | 54 ± 7.5 | 51 ± 6.5 | 63 ± 12.5 | 52 ± 7.0 | 57 ± 9.5 | 53 ± 7.0 | |||
| HbA1c ≥ 7% (53.0 mmol/mol) | 92 (48) | 47 (42) | 45 (27) | 0.009 | 3 (50) | 89 (33) | 0.623 | 2 (40) | 90 (33) | 1.000 |
| HbA1c < 7% (53.0 mmol/mol) | 187 (52) | 65 (58) | 122 (73) | 3 (50) | 184 (67) | 3 (60) | 184 (67) | |||
COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PPSV23: 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.
The results are expressed as mean ± SD or frequency (percentage).