Table 1.

Summary of included placebo‐controlled trials of topical tranexamic acid (TXA)

Source	Number of subjects (TXA/control)	Dosing regimen [dose (g), contact time (h)]	Time points (h)	TXA‐control group number
K. Ishida et al. 17	50/50	2, 0.5	1,3,6,12,24,48	1
P. Sangasoongsong et al. 18	45/45	0.5, 2	1,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24,36,48	2
P. Sangasoongsong et al. 19	24/24	0.25, 2	1,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24,36,48	3
S. Roy et al. 20	25/25	0.5, 1	2,4,6,48	4
P. Sangasoongsong et al. 18	45/45	0.25, 2	1,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24,36,48	5
R. Maniar et al. 13	40/40	3, 0.083	24,48	6
G. Digas et al. 21	30/30	2, 3	24	7
S. Alshryda et al. 22	79/78	1, 0.5	48	8
H. Mutsuzaki et al. 23	70/70	1, 1	48	9
X. Aguilera et al. 24	50/50	1, 1	24	10
L. Zhaohui et al. 25	43/47	0.75, 4	2,8,20	11
P. Antinolfi et al. 26	20/20	0.5, 0.667	12,24,36,48	12
M. Sarzaeem et al. 14	50/50	1.5, 1	48	13
M. Sarzaeem et al. 14	50/50	3, 0.083	48	14
S. Lin et al. 27	40/40	1, 1	24	15
W. Guowei et al. 28	50/50	1,4	48	16