Table 3.
LIWC2001 output variable information
| Category | Subcategory scale | Examples | Count of words |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linguistic processes | Total pronouns | I, our, they | 70 |
| 1st person singular | I, me, my | 9 | |
| 1st person plural | we, us, our | 11 | |
| Total 1st person | I, we, me | 20 | |
| Total 2nd person | you, you'll | 14 | |
| Total 3rd person | she, their, them | 22 | |
| Negations | no, not, never | 31 | |
| Assent | agree, OK, yes | 18 | |
| Articles | a, an, the | 3 | |
| Prepositions | to, with, above | 43 | |
| Numbers | Second, thousand | 34 | |
| Personal concerns | Occupation | work, class, boss | 213 |
| School | class, student, college | 100 | |
| Job | employ, boss, career | 62 | |
| Achievement | goal, hero, win | 60 | |
| Leisure activity | TV, chat, movie | 102 | |
| Home | apartment, kitchen | 26 | |
| Sports | football, game, play | 28 | |
| TV and movies | TV, sitcom, cinema | 19 | |
| Music | tunes, song, CD | 31 | |
| Money | income, cash, owe | 75 | |
| Metaphysical | God, church, coffin | 85 | |
| Religion | altar, church, mosque | 56 | |
| Death | dead, coffin, kill | 29 | |
| Physical states | ache, breast, sleep | 285 | |
| Body states | ache, heart, cough | 200 | |
| Sex and sexuality | lust, penis, fuck | 49 | |
| Eating | eat, swallow, taste | 52 | |
| Sleeping | sleep, bed, dreams | 21 | |
| Grooming | wash, bath, clean | 15 | |
| Psychological processes | Affective | happy, ugly, bitter | 6 |
| Positive emotion | happy, pretty, good | 261 | |
| Positive feelings | happy, joy, love | 43 | |
| Optimism | Certainty, pride, win | 69 | |
| Negative emotion | hate, worthless, enemy | 345 | |
| Anxiety | nervous, afraid, tense | 62 | |
| Anger | hate, kill, pissed | 121 | |
| Sadness | grief, cry, sad | 72 | |
| Cognitive process | cause, know, ought | 312 | |
| Causation | because, effect, hence | 49 | |
| Insight | think, know, consider | 116 | |
| Discrepancy | should, would, could | 32 | |
| Inhibition | block, constrain | 64 | |
| Tentative | maybe, perhaps, guess | 79 | |
| Certainty | always, never | 30 | |
| Sensory process | see, touch, listen | 111 | |
| Seeing | view, saw, look | 31 | |
| Hearing | heard, listen, sound | 36 | |
| Feeling | touch, hold, felt | 30 | |
| Social process | talk, us, friend | 314 | |
| Communication | talk, share, converse | 124 | |
| Other references | 1st, 2nd, 3rd | 54 | |
| Friends | pal, buddy, coworker | 28 | |
| Family | mom, brother, cousin | 43 | |
| Humans | boy, woman, group | 43 | |
| Relativity | Time | hour, day, o'clock | 113 |
| Past verb | walked, were, had | 144 | |
| Present verb | walk, is, be | 256 | |
| Future verb | will, might, shall | 14 | |
| Space | around, over, up | 71 | |
| Up | up, above, over | 12 | |
| Down | down, below, under | 7 | |
| Inclusive | with, and, include | 16 | |
| Exclusive | but, except, without | 19 | |
| Motion | walk, move, go | 73 | |
| Spoken categories | Swear words | damn, fuck, piss | 29 |
| Nonfluencies | uh, rr* | 6 | |
| Fillers | youknow, Imean | 6 |
Abbreviation: LIWC, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count.
NOTE. List of the default LIWC word categories (first column), subcategory scales (second column), a few examples from word subcategories (third column), and frequency of words found in each word subcategory (forth column).