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. 2017 Oct 20;7:13699. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14139-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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(A) Grand-averaged ERPs to somatosensory standard and deviant stimuli for young and older adults and (B) the differential waveforms (standard minus deviant) for young and older adults. Waveforms represent averages of the electrode pools applied in the analyses. The grey area shows the latency range of 153–193 ms for sMMR and of 258–358 for sP3a, from where the averaged amplitude values were extracted to analyse each ERP component. (C) The scalp voltage distributions of responses to standard (std) and deviant (dev) stimuli and differential responses (diff) (deviants minus standards). The topographic maps are shown as average voltages from 153–193 ms for sMMR and from 258–358 for sP3a. Note, due to keeping the scaling equal throughout, the lateralisation of differential response in older adults is no longer observable in the scalp topography of sMMR.