Table 2.
Depression and anxiety scores in the probiotic treatment (HN001) and placebo groups.
Mean | Standard deviation | Univariable effect size (95%CI), p-value | Multivariable† effect size (95%CI), p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depression scoresa | |||||
HN001 | N = 194 | 7.7 | 5.4 | -1.2 (-2.4, -0.1) | -1.2 (-2.3, -0.1) |
Placebo | N = 187 | 9.0 | 6.0 | p = 0.035 | p = 0.037 |
Anxiety Scoresa | |||||
HN001 | N = 192 | 12.0 | 4.0 | -1.1 (-1.9, -0.2) | -1.0 (-1.9, -0.2) |
Placebo | N = 187 | 13.0 | 4.3 | p = 0.014 | p = 0.014 |
Three participants had incomplete anxiety data on the STAI6 and one had incomplete depression data on the EPDS, therefore scores could not be calculated.
Adjusted for infant colic and time since birth that questionnaires were completed.