Table 1.
Distribution of characteristics among the total study population and eligible women having undergone cervical and breast cancer screening (CS)
| Characteristic | Total (464) | Cervical CS | Breast CS | ||
| Eligible women (419) | Adherence to recommendations (164) | Eligible women (125) | Adherence to recommendations (57) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Age, years | |||||
| 18–30 | 92 (19.8) | 84 (20) | 28 (33.3) | – | – |
| 31–40 | 141 (30.4) | 127 (30.3) | 42 (33.1) | – | – |
| 41–50 | 117 (25.2) | 113 (27) | 53 (46.9) | 12 (9.6) | 7 (58.3) |
| ≥51 | 114 (24.6) | 95 (22.7) | 41 (43.2) | 113 (90.4) | 50 (44.2) |
| Trend χ2=6.64, 3 df, p=0.084 | Trend χ2=0.86, 1 df, p=0.353 | ||||
| Education level, years | |||||
| ≤7 | 121 (26.1) | 112 (26.8) | 48 (42.9) | 27 (21.6) | 13 (48.2) |
| 8–13 | 275 (59.3) | 247 (58.9) | 86 (34.8) | 70 (56) | 29 (41.4) |
| >13, with university degree | 68 (14.6) | 60 (14.3) | 30 (50) | 28 (22.4) | 15 (53.6) |
| χ2=5.56, 2 df, p=0.062 | χ2=1.28, 2 df, p=0.528 | ||||
| Marital status* | |||||
| Married | 260 (56.3) | 243 (58.1) | 99 (40.7) | 54 (43.5) | 25 (46.3) |
| Other | 202 (43.7) | 175 (41.9) | 64 (36.6) | 70 (56.5) | 31 (44.3) |
| χ2=0.74, 1 df, p=0.389 | χ2=0.05, 1 df, p=0.823 | ||||
| Children | |||||
| No | 115 (24.8) | 98 (23.4) | 30 (30.6) | 17 (13.6) | 7 (41.2) |
| Yes | 349 (75.2) | 321 (76.6) | 134 (41.7) | 108 (86.4) | 50 (46.3) |
| χ2=3.91, 1 df, p=0.048 | χ2=0.16, 1 df, p=0.694 | ||||
| Employment status | |||||
| Unemployed | 147 (31.7) | 129 (30.8) | 55 (42.6) | 30 (24) | 14 (46.7) |
| Housekeeper, caregiver | 273 (58.8) | 255 (60.9) | 90 (35.3) | 85 (68) | 40 (47.1) |
| Manual worker | 24 (5.2) | 16 (3.8) | 8 (50) | 7 (5.6) | 1 (14.3) |
| Sedentary worker | 20 (4.3) | 19 (4.5) | 11 (57.9) | 3 (2.4) | 2 (66.7) |
| χ2=5.84, 3 df, p=0.120 | Fisher’s exact=3.36, p=0.339 | ||||
| Nationality | |||||
| European | 215 (46.3) | 197 (47) | 76 (38.6) | 81 (64.8) | 35 (43.2) |
| African | 138 (29.8) | 123 (29.4) | 55 (44.7) | 19 (15.2) | 9 (47.4) |
| Asian | 98 (21.1) | 86 (20.5) | 23 (26.7) | 24 (19.2) | 12 (50) |
| American | 13 (2.8) | 13 (3.1) | 10 (76.9) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (100) |
| χ2=14.97, 3 df, p=0.002 | Fisher’s exact=1.59, p=0.661 | ||||
| Self-reported legal status | |||||
| Regular | 418 (90.1) | 375 (89.5) | 154 (41.1) | 108 (86.4) | 54 (50) |
| Irregular | 46 (9.9) | 44 (10.5) | 10 (22.7) | 17 (13.6) | 3 (17.7) |
| χ2=5.56, 1 df, p=0.018 | Fisher’s exact=6.20, p=0.013 | ||||
| Length of stay in Italy, years | |||||
| 1–2 | 83 (17.9) | 74 (17.7) | 16 (21.6) | 19 (15.2) | 3 (15.8) |
| 3–5 | 124 (26.7) | 108 (25.7) | 24 (22.2) | 20 (16) | 6 (30) |
| 6–8 | 97 (20.9) | 95 (22.7) | 45 (47.4) | 21 (16.8) | 10 (47.6) |
| ≥9 | 160 (34.5) | 142(33.9) | 79 (55.6) | 65 (28) | 38 (58.5) |
| Trend χ2=41.33, 3 df, p<0.001 | Trend χ2=13.03, 3 df, p=0.005 | ||||
| Physical activity* | |||||
| No | 157 (34.9) | 139 (34.2) | 57 (41) | 44 (35.2) | 18 (40.9) |
| Yes | 293 (65.1) | 267 (65.8) | 102 (38.2) | 81 (64.8) | 39 (48.2) |
| χ2=0.30, 1 df, p=0.583 | χ2=0.60, 1 df, p=0.438 | ||||
| Alcohol consumption in the previous 30 days* | |||||
| No | 321 (71.3) | 288 (70.9) | 113 (39.2) | 81 (64.8) | 38 (46.9) |
| Yes | 129 (28.7) | 118 (29.1) | 46 (39) | 44 (35.2) | 19 (43.2) |
| χ2<0.001, 1 df, p=0.962 | χ2=0.16, 1 df, p=0.689 | ||||
| Current smoker* | |||||
| No | 363 (80.7) | 324 (79.8) | 127 (39.2) | 95 (76) | 45 (47.4) |
| Yes | 87 (19.3) | 82 (20.2) | 32 (39) | 30 (24) | 12 (40) |
| χ2<0.001, 1 df, p=0.977 | χ2=0.50, 1 df, p=0.480 | ||||
| Chronic diseases* | |||||
| No | 227 (50.8) | 201 (49.9) | 64 (31.8) | 29 (23.2) | 12 (41.4) |
| Yes | 220 (49.2) | 202 (50.1) | 94 (46.5) | 96 (76.8) | 45 (46.9) |
| χ2=9.13, 1 df, p=0.003 | χ2=0.27, 1 df, p=0.603 | ||||
*Sums may not be equal to the total because of missing values.
CS, cancer screening.