Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to reported statin use at any time during DPP and DPPOS
| Placebo | Metformin | Lifestyle | ||||
| No reported statin use (n=614) |
Statin use reported (n=468) |
No reported statin use (n=629) |
Statin use reported (n=444) |
No reported statin use (n=672) |
Statin use reported (n=407) |
|
| Age (years) | 48.4 (10.6) | 52.8 (9.6)* | 49.2 (10.5) | 53.3 (9.5)* | 48.8 (11.7) | 53.6 (9.9)* |
| Sex | 27% male | 36% male* | 31% male | 38% male*** | 30% male | 36% male*** |
| 73% female | 64% female | 69% female | 62% female | 70% female | 64% female | |
| Race/ethnicity | C 52% | C 57% | C 54% | C 59% | C 52% | C 57% |
| AA 22% | AA 19% | AA 20% | AA 21% | AA 19% | AA 18% | |
| H 16% | H 15% | H 16% | H 14% | H 18% | H 14% | |
| AI 4% | AI 6% | AI 3% | AI 3% | AI 5% | AI 6% | |
| A 6% | A 4% | A 6% | A 3% | A 6% | A 5% | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 34.5 (7) | 33.7 (6) | 34.2 (7) | 33.4 (6) | 34.2 (7) | 33.4 (6) |
| Waist (cm) | 105 (15) | 105 (14) | 105 (15) | 105 (13) | 105 (15) | 105 (14) |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 106 (7) | 108 (9)* | 106 (9) | 108 (9)* | 105 (7) | 108 (9)* |
| Two-hour glucose (mg/dL) | 164 (18) | 166 (16) | 164 (16) | 166 (18) | 164 (16) | 166 (18) |
| Insulinogenic Index | 109 (70, 164) | 101 (64, 160) | 108 (70, 164) | 95 (63, 140)* | 109 (68, 170) | 95 (65, 140)* |
| Fasting insulin (µIU/mL) | 24 (17, 33) | 25 (16, 33) | 24 (16, 35) | 23 (17, 33) | 23 (16, 34) | 24 (16, 33) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 (0.5) | 6.0 (0.5)* | 5.9 (0.5) | 6.0 (0.5)* | 5.9 (0.5) | 6.0 (0.5)* |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 116 (31) | 139 (35)* | 116 (27) | 139 (35)* | 116 (31) | 139 (35)* |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 46 (12) | 43 (12) | 46 (12) | 46 (12) | 46 (12) | 46 (12) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 142 (97, 186) | 160 (115, 230)* | 124 (89, 178) | 160 (115, 221)* | 124 (88, 186) | 160 (115, 221)* |
| Per cent with hypertension | 23% | 34%* | 24% | 36%* | 25% | 35%* |
| Per cent with history of CVD | 0.8% | 3.6%* | 0.5% | 2.5%* | 0.9% | 1.7% |
| Per cent with family history of diabetes | 72% | 68% | 65% | 73%* | 70% | 69% |
Data are expressed as mean (SD), median (IQR) or per cent as appropriate. Within each treatment group, significant comparisons between participants who reported statin therapy versus not are noted in bold with asterisk (*) for p<0.001, (**) for p<0.01 and (***) for p<0.05. Hypertension defined as blood pressure >130/80 mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medication.
A, Asian–American; AA, African–American; AI, American–Indian; C, Caucasian; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CVD, cardiovascular disease: DPP, Diabetes Prevention Program; DPPOS, DPP Outcomes Study; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; H, Hispanic; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high density liproprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MI, myocardial infarction.