Table 1. Patient characteristics of study population with adnexal tumor.
| Characteristic | Total (n=87) | Benign (n=43) | BOT (n=13) | Cancer (n=31) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr), median (range) | 47 (21-78) | 45 (21-74) | 47 (41-78) | 57 (24-77) | 0.002 |
| ≤47 | 46 (52.9) | 28 (65.1) | 7 (53.8) | 11 (35.5) | 0.012 |
| >47 | 41 (47.1) | 15 (34.9) | 6 (46.2) | 20 (64.5) | |
| Preoperative serum CA-125 (U/ml) | 646.9±1533.1 | 176.7±429.3 | 73.9±144.4 | 1539.4±2278.0 | 0.002 |
| ≤35 | 31 (35.6) | 17 (39.5) | 9 (69.2) | 5 (16.1) | 0.030 |
| >35 | 56 (64.4) | 26 (60.5) | 4 (30.8) | 26 (83.9) | |
| Preoperative ROMA (%) | 30.6±35.5 | 10.8±17.4 | 17.1±17.6 | 63.0±36.5 | <0.001 |
| Within normal range | 37 (43.0) | 27 (64.3) | 5 (38.5) | 5 (16.1) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal† | 49 (57.0) | 15 (35.7) | 8 (61.5) | 26 (83.9) | |
| Preoperative RMI | 2019.0±5106.4 | 642.7±1807.5 | 237.6±454.9 | 4630.7±7632.6 | 0.008 |
| ≤200 | 49 (57.0) | 27 (64.3) | 10 (76.9) | 12 (38.7) | 0.030 |
| >200 | 37 (43.0) | 15 (35.7) | 3 (23.1) | 19 (61.3) | |
| Preoperative CT or MRI | <0.001 | ||||
| Benign | 26 (29.9) | 23 (53.5) | 2 (15.4) | 1 (3.2) | |
| r/o borderline malignancy | 15 (17.2) | 9 (20.9) | 6 (46.2) | 0 | |
| r/o cancer | 46 (52.9) | 11 (25.6) | 5 (38.5) | 30 (96.8) | |
| Laparoscopic operation | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 58 (67.4) | 21 (48.8) | 9 (69.2) | 28 (93.3) | |
| Yes | 28 (32.6) | 22 (51.2) | 4 (30.8) | 2 (6.7) | |
| Tumor size (cm) | 15.0±7.1 | 8.4±5.1 | 15.0±7.1 | 10.5±5.8 | 0.118 |
| ≤10 | 54 (63.5) | 33 (78.6) | 5 (38.5) | 16 (53.3) | 0.024 |
| >10 | 31 (36.5) | 9 (21.4) | 8 (61.5) | 14 (46.7) | |
| Ascitesǂ | <0.001 | ||||
| Absence | 69 (79.3) | 39 (90.7) | 13 (100) | 17 (54.8) | |
| Presence | 18 (20.7) | 4 (9.3) | 0 | 14 (45.2) | |
| Tumor histology | <0.001 | ||||
| Serous | 24 (27.6) | 4 (9.3) | 3 (23.1) | 17 (54.8) | |
| Non-serous | 63 (72.4) | 39 (90.7) | 10 (76.9) | 14 (45.2) | |
| FIGO stage | - | ||||
| I | 19 (43.2) | NA | 13 (100)§ | 6 (19.4) | |
| II | 4 (9.1) | NA | 0 | 4 (12.9) | |
| III, IV | 21 (47.7) | NA | 0 | 21 (67.7) |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
*Benign vs. cancer.
†Abnormal ROMA criteria: ≥7.4% (premenopause) and ≥25.3% (postmenopause).
ǂModerate to severe ascites on preoperative CT or MRI.
§Incomplete staging.
BOT, borderline ovarian tumor; CT, computed tomography; CTC, circulating tumor cell; FIGO, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not available; RMI, risk of malignancy index; ROMA, risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm; r/o rule out.