Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics According to 100% Fruit Juice Consumption of 114,219 Postmenopausal US Women Analyzed for Diabetes Risk
| Modified Quintiles of 100% Fruit Juice Consumption | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IV | V | |
| Median oz./d of 100% fruit juice | 0 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 8.0 |
| Range oz./d of 100% fruit juice | 0 | 0.06–1.7 | 1.8–3.8 | 3.9–6.5 | 6.6–36.8 |
| N | 14,008 | 25,053 | 25,053 | 25,053 | 25,052 |
| Age, years | |||||
| 50–59 | 33.7% | 38.2% | 32.9% | 30.1% | 31.6% |
| 60–69 | 45.1% | 44.0% | 44.6% | 45.3% | 43.8% |
| 70–79 | 21.2% | 17.8% | 22.5% | 24.6% | 24.6% |
| BMI category, kg/m2 | |||||
| Normal (18.5 – 24.9) | 35.7% | 32.9% | 37.6% | 38.8% | 42.1% |
| Overweight (25.0 – 29.9) | 34.6% | 35.2% | 35.3% | 34.7% | 33.7% |
| Obese (> 30.0) | 28.4% | 31.0% | 26.6% | 25.5% | 23.3% |
| Blood pressure, mmHg | |||||
| Systolic | 126 ± 18 | 126 ± 17 | 127 ± 18 | 127 ± 18 | 127 ± 18 |
| Diastolic | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 9 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||
| Asian/Pacific | 2.5% | 2.6% | 2.8% | 2.6% | 2.5% |
| Black | 4.6% | 5.6% | 7.7% | 8.8% | 10.2% |
| Hispanic/Latino | 3.4% | 3.9% | 3.9% | 3.3% | 3.1% |
| White | 87.9% | 86.3% | 83.9% | 84.0% | 82.8% |
| Education | |||||
| < High school diploma | 5.3% | 4.6% | 4.8% | 4.2% | 4.1% |
| High school diploma | 19.0% | 16.6% | 16.8% | 16.1% | 13.9% |
| School after high school | 38.5% | 37.6% | 37.7% | 37.1% | 35.3% |
| College degree or higher | 37.2 % | 41.2% | 40.6% | 42.7% | 46.7% |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | 51.1% | 51.3% | 51.6% | 51.4% | 51.7% |
| Past | 41.9% | 41.7% | 41.3% | 41.4% | 41.4% |
| Current | 7.0% | 7.0% | 7.1% | 7.2% | 6.9% |
| Use of postmenopausal hormones | |||||
| Never | 43.6% | 43.8% | 44.7% | 44.2% | 44.6% |
| Past | 15.9% | 16.4% | 16.1% | 16.4% | 15.6% |
| Current | 40.4% | 39.8% | 39.2% | 39.5% | 39.8% |
| Recreational physical activity level, MET-hours/week | 12.1 ± 13.5 | 11.8 ±13.3 | 12.1 ± 13.7 | 11.9 ± 13.5 | 12.1 ± 13.5 |
| Energy intake, Kcal/day | 1493 ± 597 | 1770 ± 690 | 1556 ± 599 | 1634 ± 614 | 1610 ± 596 |
| 2005 HEI diet quality score | 66.4 ± 11.8 | 65.3 ± 11.4 | 67.6 ± 10.5 | 68.9 ± 9.9 | 70.9 ± 9.2 |
All characteristics were assessed at baseline (1993–1998). Values are mean ± SD (continuous variables) or percent (categorical variables). Not all categories sum to 100% due to rounding of data within some categories. Servings/d of 100% fruit juice are adjusted for energy using the residual method, and standardized to 2000 kcal/d. The Women’s Health Initiative enrolled participants between 1993–1998 throughout the United States.