Table 1.

Teen Environment and Neighborhood (TEAN) study measures. Baltimore, MD/Washington, DC and Seattle-King County, Washington, 2009–11.

Measure	Description/sample items	Response options	Scoring
Physical activity
Neighborhood leisure-time physical activity (LTPA)	Frequency of LTPA in 5 specific locations outside the home in the neighborhood, (e.g., nearby park/open space). Only 5 most relevant items used from original questionnaire.	0= ‘never,’ 1= ‘once a month or less,’ 2= ‘once every other week,’ 3= ‘once a week,’ 4= ‘2 or 3 times/week,’ 5= ‘4 or more times/week’	Mean score.
Non-neighborhood LTPA	Frequency of LTPA in 15 specific locations outside the neighborhood such as indoor recreation/exercise facility, trails, and indoor swimming pool. Items adapted from original scale to ask about use instead of distance/proximity to location.	0= ‘never,’ 1= ‘once a month or less,’ 2= ‘once every other week,’ 3= ‘once a week,’ 4= ‘2 or 3 times/week,’ 5= ‘4 or more times/week’	Mean score.
Non-school moderate-to vigorous-physical activity (MVPA)	Models: Actigraph 7164 (90% of sample), GT1M (7%), or GT3X (3%). Epoch: 30 seconds. Non-wear time: 30 minutes of consecutive zero-count values. Valid wear time: ≥10 hours/day on ≥5 valid days, including at least 1 weekend day. Non-school time: between 3–11 pm on weekdays and all day on weekend days. Cut points: Evenson MVPA (≥ 2296 counts per minute). Data processing software: MeterPlus.	N/A	Mean daily non-school MVPA minutes.
Objective neighborhood environment
Walkability	For each study region, standardized scores were computed for 4 GIS-based urban form measures within a 1-km network buffer around participant’s home: residential density, land use mix, intersection density, and retail floor area ratio (retail building square footage divided by retail land square footage).	N/A	Weighted sum of z-scores for the four normalized environmental measures.
Recreation facility density	Count of parks and private recreation facilities within the 1-km network buffer around participant’s home.	N/A	Total number of parks/recreation facilities.
Parent/guardian -perceived neighborhood environment
Safety from traffic	3 items, e.g., “the speed of traffic on most streets is usually low (30 mph or less).”	1= ‘strongly disagree’ to 4= ‘strongly agree’	Mean score after reverse-coding 2 negative statements.
Pedestrian safety	3 items, e.g., “streets have good lighting at night.”	1= ‘strongly disagree’ to 4= ‘strongly agree’	Mean score.
Safety from crime	1 item, “there is a high crime rate.”	1= ‘strongly disagree’ to 4= ‘strongly agree’	Reverse-coded score.
Neighborhood aesthetics	4 items, e.g., “there are many interesting things for my child to look at while walking.”	1= ‘strongly disagree’ to 4= ‘strongly agree’	Mean score.
Adolescent psychosocial factors
Social support	Frequency of instrumental and encouragement social support for physical activity from adults in the household (3 items) and siblings/friends (2 items).	0= ‘never’ to 4= ‘very often’	Mean score.
Decisional balance	5 items asked about the benefits of physical activity (pros) such as “physical activity would help me stay fit” and 5 items were about the negative aspects (cons) such as “physical activity takes time away from being with my friends.”	1= ‘strongly disagree’ to 4= ‘strongly agree’	Mean score of the pros items minus mean score of the cons items.
Self-efficacy	6 items asked how sure respondents were that they could do physical activity in given situations (e.g., “when you feel sad or stressed”), in the past year.	1= ‘I’m sure I can’t’ to 5= ‘I’m sure I can’	Mean score.
Parental rules	14 yes/no parental rules such as “stay close to or within sight of your home/parent” and “come in before dark.”	Yes/No	Sum of the number of ‘yes’ responses.