Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort, Stratified by Age Category (all values are counts [%] except where indicated)
| Variable | Age 67–70 (n = 5618) |
Age 71–75 (n = 7052) |
Age 76–80 (n = 6646) |
Age > 80 (n = 8733) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 68.5 (1.1) | 73.0 (1.4) | 77.9 (1.4) | 85.0 (3.7) |
| Male | 3006 (53.5) | 3873 (54.9) | 3565 (53.6) | 4770 (54.6) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 4046 (72.0) | 5312 (75.3) | 5158 (77.6) | 7209 (82.5) |
| Black | 1303 (23.2) | 1428 (20.2) | 1173 (17.6) | 1155 (13.2) |
| Other | 269 (4.8) | 312 (4.4) | 315 (4.7) | 369 (4.2) |
| Initial modality: in-center hemodialysis | 5188 (92.3) | 6564 (93.1) | 6214 (93.5) | 8335 (95.4) |
| Cause of end-stage renal disease | ||||
| Diabetes | 2857 (50.9) | 3218 (45.6) | 2678 (40.3) | 2594 (29.7) |
| Hypertension | 1461 (26.0) | 2204 (31.3) | 2434 (36.6) | 4214 (48.3) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 295 (5.3) | 367 (5.2) | 366 (5.5) | 334 (3.8) |
| Other | 1005 (17.9) | 1263 (17.9) | 1168 (17.6) | 1591 (18.2) |
| Cardiovascular comorbidities | ||||
| Coronary artery disease | 2931 (52.2) | 3978 (56.4) | 3918 (59.0) | 5311 (60.8) |
| Heart failure | 3100 (55.2) | 4082 (57.9) | 4066 (61.2) | 5715 (65.4) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1402 (25.0) | 1982 (28.1) | 2296 (34.5) | 3577 (41.0) |
| Other arrhythmia | 1021 (18.2) | 1458 (20.7) | 1654 (24.9) | 2481 (28.4) |
| Stroke/Transient ischemic attack | 606 (10.8) | 785 (11.1) | 725 (10.9) | 999 (11.4) |
| Valvular disease | 1225 (21.8) | 1790 (25.4) | 1897 (28.5) | 2925 (33.5) |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1568 (27.9) | 2099 (29.8) | 2012 (30.3) | 2725 (31.2) |
| Hypertension | 5276 (93.9) | 6677 (94.7) | 6313 (95.0) | 8366 (95.8) |
| Any of the above cardiovascular comorbidities | 5357 (95.4) | 6790 (96.3) | 6418 (96.6) | 8498 (97.3) |
| Other comorbid conditions | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 4025 (71.6) | 4861 (68.9) | 4272 (64.3) | 4632 (53.0) |
| Liver disease | 604 (10.8) | 649 (9.2) | 489 (7.4) | 496 (5.7) |
| Chronic lung disease | 2102 (37.4) | 2681 (38.0) | 2541 (38.2) | 3319 (38.0) |
| Dementia | 280 (5.0) | 407 (5.8) | 524 (7.9) | 905 (10.4) |
| Depression | 1088 (19.4) | 1256 (17.8) | 1079 (16.2) | 1341 (15.4) |
| Cancer | 839 (14.9) | 1231 (17.5) | 1197 (18.0) | 1659 (19.0) |
| Under care of a nephrologist | 3897 (69.4) | 5027 (71.3) | 4733 (71.2) | 6093 (69.8) |
| Had ≥1 day in an institution in 365 days pre-end-stage renal disease | 4560 (81.2) | 5816 (82.5) | 5534 (83.3) | 7524 (86.2) |
| Number of institutional days, mean (SD)* | 40 (73) | 37 (69) | 38 (70) | 42 (74) |
*Among those with >1 day in an institution pre-dialysis initiation