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. 2017 Oct 23;7:13770. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13159-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Long-term (1977 to 2016) trends in seasonal successions of abundant algae and their potentially limiting substrates. (a) Abundances of centric diatoms, (b) pennate diatoms, (c) cryptophytes, (d) and biomass of Planktothrix rubescens (n = 480 for all parameters) during characteristic phenological phases (gray-white boxes). Classification of phases followed the terminology of the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model published by Sommer et al.¹⁵. Epilimnetic (0–20 m) concentrations of (e) silica, (f) orthophosphate-P and (g) nitrate-N (n = 480 for each parameter). All parameters were calculated as depth-volume weighted averages for the water column between 0 and 20 m depth.