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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 9.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Evol. 2017 Oct 9;90(2):98–116. doi: 10.1159/000456646

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Evolution of the inner ear and morpho-physiological organization of the vestibular system. A. Increase of morphological complexity of the inner ear. Note that the formation of a horizontal canal in jawed vertebrates correlates with expression of several genes only in this lineage. B. Calretinin-positive hair cells in saccular crista of Xenopus laevis larvae have a disc-shaped distribution with short kinocilia and stereocilia, while those in the anterior semicircular canal form a continuous band with long kinocilia and stereocilia. Scale bars represent 50 μm (B1) and 25 μm (inset 5 μm) (B2). Images were kindly provided by Céline Gravot. A is adapted with permission from [Fritzsch and Beisel 2001].