Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis (by Cox' proportional hazards method) of lung cancer specific survival for VPI (cut‐off by upper quartile) and other known prognostic factors in lung AC (n = 210)
| Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | (95% CI) | P | HR | (95% CI) | P | ||
| Histological grade | Absent | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Present | 1.6 | (1.10–2.46) | 0.017 | 1.2 | (0.76–1.84) | ns | |
| BVI | Absent | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Present | 2.2 | (1.42–3.27) | <0.001 | 1.3 | (0.84–2.05) | ns | |
| LVI | Absent | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Present | 2.7 | (1.79–4.15) | <0.001 | 1.8 | (1.10–2.77) | 0.017 | |
| Tumour necrosis | Absent | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Present | 2.2 | (1.39–3.32) | 0.001 | 1.5 | (0.92–2.40) | ns | |
| VPIa | Low | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| High | 1.7 | (1.08–2.60) | 0.022 | 1.7 | (1.04–2.68) | 0.033 | |
| Tumour stage | I | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| II–IV | 4.3 | (2.63–7.18) | <0.001 | 3.1 | (1.78–5.38) | <0.001 | |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; VPI, vascular proliferation index; BVI, blood vessel invasion; LVI, lymph vessel invasion; ns, non‐significant (P value > 0.05).
a
By upper quartile, 4.4%.