Figure 3.

Effects of HW on the expression of cytokines and TARC in AD skin lesions. The levels of (a) IL-1β, (b) INF-β, (c) IL-33, and (d) TARC were determined by ELISA 4 weeks after the start of HW treatment. The results are presented as the mean±SEM (n=4 mice per group); ^*p<0.05 (PW versus HW), ^**p<0.05 (PW versus SPF), and ^**p<0.05 (SPF versus HW). HW - hydrogen water, SPF - specific-pathogen-free, PW - purified water, TARC - thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, IL-1β - interleukin 1β , IL-33 - interleukin 33