Table 1.
Studies investigating the uptake or toxicity of nanoparticles in the inner ear.
| Nanoparticle | Size of nanoparticle | Animal | Administration route | Loaded drug or gene | Evaluation time | Evaluation of nanoparticle uptake |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poloxamer 407-PLGA NP [19] | 181.5 nm | Guinea pigs | Intratympanic | DiR | At 24 h | Near-infrared fluorescence imaging system, confocal microscope |
|
| ||||||
| Superparamagnetic NP [20] | 100, 200, and 500 nm (three kinds) | Guinea pigs | Intracochlear | None | At 7 days | Toxicity evaluation by ABR |
|
| ||||||
| Chitosan-hydrogel-based NP [21] | 160 nm | C57BL/6J mice | Intratympanic | Fluorescent dye | At 24 h | Fluorescent microscopy |
PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); NP: nanoparticle; DiR: 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide; ABR: auditory brainstem response.