Table 2. Effect of conventional solvent and ionic liquids on the extraction of total proanthocyanidins from grape skin.
| Solvent | w(total proanthocyanidins)/(mg/g) |
|---|---|
| CH3OH/H2O (60:40) | (99.1±0.8)j |
| C2H6CO/H2O (80:20) CH3OH/H2O (60:40) |
(218.4±1.2)n |
| [C2mim][Br]_0.5 M | (52.1±2.3)d |
| [C2mim][Br]_1.5 M | (91.9±2.0)j |
| [C2mim][Br]_2.5 M | (129.9±2.3)lm |
| [C4mim][Br]_0.5 M | (60.1±1.3)ef |
| [C4mim][Br]_1.5 M | (129.1±1.4)l |
| [C4mim][Br]_2.5 M | (137.0±0.8)m |
| [C5mim][Br]_0.5 M | (41.3±2.9)c |
| [C5mim][Br]_1.5 M | (95.4±0.8)j |
| [C5mim][Br]_2.5 M | (110.4±4.4)k |
| [C7mim][Br]_0.5 M | (38.6±2.7)c |
| [C7mim][Br]_1.5 M | (76.0±0.3)h |
| [C10mim][Br]_0.5 M | (6.6±0.8)a |
| [C10mim][Br]_1.5 M | (15.7±0.8)b |
| [mim][HSO4]_0.5 M | (56.7±1.4)de |
| [mim][HSO4]_1.5 M | (66.6±0.7)fg |
| [mim][HSO4]_2.5 M | (84.6±0.9)i |
| [sC4mim][HSO4]_0.5 M | (55.0±0.7)de |
| [sC4mim][HSO4]_1.5 M | (70.3±0.3)gh |
| [sC4mim][HSO4]_2.5 M | (106.8±3.3)k |
| [mim][CF3CO2]_0.5 M | (15.9±0.9)b |
| [mim][CF3CO2]_1.5 M | (17.0±0.3)b |
| [mim][CF3CO2]_2.5 M | (21.7±1.0)b |
Data are presented as average value of three repetitions±standard deviation (N=3). ANOVA was used to compare the data; different letters indicate statistical differences between different solvents (Tukey’s test, p<0.05)