Table 1. Linker histone-nucleosome interactions.
Table summarizes experimental system and resulting model of H1 globular domain location on nucleosome relative to dyad axis. Note the H1 subtype, nucleosome substrates and experimental techniques differ and information regarding H1 orientation and distinct interactions is unclear in many cases.
| Reference | Model | Experiment | H1 | Nucleosome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allan et al., 1980 | On-axis, 3-contact | Mnase mapping | Calf thymus H1, GH1 Chicken H5, GH5 | chicken erythrocyte chromatin |
| Staynov and Crane-Robinson, 1988 | On-axis, 3-contact | Dnase I footprinting | H1, H5 | Dinucleosomes from chicken erythrocyte chromatin |
| Pruss et al., 1996 | Off-axis, inside DNA gyre | Site-directed crosslinking | Chicken GH5, Recombinant GH1°, Recombinant H1° ΔCTD | reconstituted with Xenopus borealis 5S RNA gene |
| (Hayes, 1996) | Off-axis, inside DNA gyre | Fe(II) EDTA conjugated linker histone directed cleavage | Recombinant H1° | reconstituted with Xenopus borealis 5S RNA gene |
| Zhou et al., 1998 | Bridging, 2-contact | Site-directed crosslinking | Recombinant GH5, | H1/H5 depleted chromatosomes from chicken erythrocytes |
| Brown et al., 2006 | major groove near the dyad and the minor groove of linker DNA | FRAP- intact cells, molecular modeling | Recombinant Mouse H1 GFP (CTD fusion)° | native chromatin |
| George et al., 2010M | inconsistent with H1° (Brown et al., 2006) model | FRAP- intact cells | Recombinant Mouse H1c GFP (CTD fusion) | native chromatin |
| Fan and Roberts, 2006 | On-axis, 3-contact | Computational docking | GH5 (PDB 1HST) | Nucleosome core particle (PDB 1AOI) with 16bp DNA extensions, one bent linker arm |
| Syed et al., 2010 | On-axis, 3-contact | ECM, hydroxyl radical footprinting, molecular modeling | Recombinant H1.5, Recombinant H1.5 ΔCTD | Mono-, di-, tri-, reconstituted with 200bp 601 DNA sequence |
| Zhou et al., 2013 | Off-axis, 2-contact | Solution, methyl-based NMR | Recombinant Drosophila Melanogaster H1 (H137–211) V53I, S56A, C81V, A97L | reconstituted with 167 bp 601 DNA sequence |
| Song et al., 2014 | Off-axis, 2-contact | Cryo-EM | Recombinant human H1.4 | reconstituted 12x 177-bp and 187 bp 601 DNA Sequence with recombinant Xenopus laevis histones |
| Zhou et al., 2015 | On axis, 3-contact | X-ray crystallography | Recombinant GH5 (H522–98) | reconstituted 167 bp 601 DNA sequence with recombinant Xenopus laevis histones |