Table 6.

Heterogeneous effects of air quality, by workplace, pollution level and children

A. Hedonic unhappiness
Dependent variable	Workplace		Local yearly pollution		Having children younger than 16
Hedonic unhappiness	Indoors	Outdoors	Polluted	Less polluted	Yes	No
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Dependent Variable mean	0.703	0.742	0.729	0.716	0.741	0.714
API(÷100)	0.073 (0.058)	0.141*** (0.045)	0.094** (0.036)	0.079 (0.053)	0.092** (0.037)	0.101*** (0.038)
Observations	6,240	12,079	12,248	12,544	7,324	18,349
Adjusted (within) R-squared	0.034	0.015	0.019	0.030	0.031	0.017
B. Mental well-being
Dependent variable	Workplace		Local yearly pollution		Having children younger than 16
CES-D scores	Indoors	Outdoors	Polluted	Less polluted	Yes	No
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Dependent Variable mean	2.592	3.085	2.958	2.872	2.766	2.977
API(÷100)	0.448** (0.223)	0.426** (0.174)	0.351*** (0.125)	0.258 (0.213)	0.644*** (0.130)	0.210 (0.153)
Observations	6,231	12,047	12,222	12,499	7,317	18,276
Adjusted (within) R-squared	0.035	0.021	0.029	0.026	0.035	0.024
C. Depressive symptoms
Dependent variable	Workplace		Local yearly pollution		Having children vounger than 16
Depressive symptoms	Indoors	Outdoors	Polluted	Less polluted	Yes	No
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Dependent Variable mean	0.287	0.333	0.319	0.308	0.304	0.318
API (÷100)	0.061** (0.028)	0.060*** (0.023)	0.053*** (0.019)	0.035 (0.023)	0.095*** (0.020)	0.033* (0.019)
Observations	6,231	12,047	12,222	12,499	7,317	18,276
Adjusted (within) R-squared	0.024	0.016	0.016	0.013	0.021	0.013

Source: China Family Panel Studies 2010 and 2014.

Note: Other covariates and fixed effects are the same as those in column (4) of Table 2. Robust standard errors, clustered at the county level, are presented in parentheses. CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. API = air pollution index.

^*10% significance level.

^**5% significance level.

^***1% significance level.