In vivo application of CMP-modified polyplex. a) Schematic indicating the location and contents of each subcutaneous pellet on the abdomens of CD-1 mice. Each solution contained MatrigelTM, BMP-2, and polyplex where indicated, and the solutions formed visible pellets immediately after injection. DNA encoded for a membrane bound form of Metridia Luciferase to permit in vivo imaging. b) In vivo images of a representative mouse at various time points post injection, taken using an IVIS (Exposure: 5 s, Binning: Large, f/stop: 1) indicating luminescence over a maximum period of 20 d. c) Quantification of transgene expression and the area over which expression was identified. This study was replicated in four mice (SI).