Table 3.
Adult height in relation to breast cancer incidence, stratified by age at menarche, 1995–2015.
| Age at menarche ≥14 years | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
All invasive breast cancer (n=308)
|
ER+ breast cancer (n=164)
|
ER- breast cancer (n=96)
|
||||||||
| Person-years | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | |
| Adult height (inches) | ||||||||||
| ≤63 | 51,178 | 94 | 1.0 | Ref | 45 | 1.0 | Ref | 36 | 1.0 | Ref |
| 64–65 | 51,632 | 79 | 0.84 | (0.62, 1.13) | 42 | 0.93 | (0.61, 1.43) | 21 | 0.59 | (0.34, 1.02) |
| 66–67 | 55,237 | 71 | 0.71 | (0.52, 0.96) | 40 | 0.83 | (0.54, 1.27) | 19 | 0.50 | (0.29, 0.88) |
| 68–69 | 25,974 | 37 | 0.78 | (0.53, 1.15) | 21 | 0.89 | (0.52, 1.51) | 13 | 0.74 | (0.39, 1.42) |
| ≥70 | 14,925 | 27 | 1.14 | (0.74, 1.75) | 16 | 1.43 | (0.80, 2.55) | 7 | 0.81 | (0.35, 1.83) |
| per 1-inch increase | 198,946 | 308 | 0.98 | (0.94, 1.02) | 164 | 1.01 | (0.95, 1.06) | 96 | 0.95 | (0.89, 1.02) |
| P-valuea | 0.35 | 0.85 | 0.19 | |||||||
| Age at menarche 12–13 years | ||||||||||
|
All invasive breast cancer (n=965)
|
ER+ breast cancer (n=552)
|
ER- breast cancer (n=266)
|
||||||||
| Person-years | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | |
| Adult height (inches) | ||||||||||
| ≤63 | 159,398 | 245 | 1.0 | Ref | 141 | 1.0 | Ref | 67 | 1.0 | Ref |
| 64–65 | 153,590 | 304 | 1.33 | (1.12, 1.57) | 183 | 1.41 | (1.13, 1.76) | 77 | 1.20 | (0.87, 1.67) |
| 66–67 | 139,513 | 260 | 1.27 | (1.06, 1.51) | 153 | 1.31 | (1.04, 1.65) | 73 | 1.27 | (0.91, 1.77) |
| 68–69 | 64,708 | 100 | 1.15 | (0.91, 1.45) | 47 | 0.94 | (0.67, 1.31) | 31 | 1.27 | (0.82, 1.94) |
| ≥70 | 29,591 | 56 | 1.44 | (1.08, 1.93) | 28 | 1.27 | (0.84, 1.91) | 18 | 1.66 | (0.98, 2.81) |
| per 1-inch increase | 546,800 | 965 | 1.03 | (1.01, 1.06) | 552 | 1.02 | (0.99, 1.05) | 266 | 1.04 | (1.00, 1.09) |
| P-valuea | <0.01 | 0.23 | 0.06 | |||||||
| Age at menarche ≤11 years | ||||||||||
|
All invasive breast cancer (n=553)
|
ER+ breast cancer (n=299)
|
ER- breast cancer (n=180)
|
||||||||
| Person-years | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | Cases | HR | 95% CI | |
| Adult height (inches) | ||||||||||
| ≤63 | 106,236 | 202 | 1.0 | Ref | 108 | 1.0 | Ref | 67 | 1.0 | Ref |
| 64–65 | 83,626 | 133 | 0.87 | (0.70, 1.08) | 69 | 0.84 | (0.62, 1.14) | 46 | 0.90 | (0.62, 1.31) |
| 66–67 | 69,923 | 133 | 1.07 | (0.86, 1.33) | 68 | 1.02 | (0.75, 1.39) | 43 | 1.03 | (0.70, 1.52) |
| 68–69 | 28,729 | 59 | 1.22 | (0.91, 1.64) | 34 | 1.34 | (0.91, 1.98) | 19 | 1.13 | (0.68, 1.90) |
| ≥70 | 12,000 | 26 | 1.27 | (0.84, 1.91) | 20 | 1.84 | (1.14, 2.98) | 5 | 0.70 | (0.28, 1.74) |
| per 1-inch increase | 300,514 | 553 | 1.02 | (0.99, 1.05) | 299 | 1.04 | (1.00, 1.09) | 180 | 0.98 | (0.93, 1.04) |
| P-valuea | 0.33 | 0.04 | 0.47 | |||||||
ER, estrogen receptor; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval Multivariable HRs are adjusted for age, questionnaire cycle, family history of breast cancer, current BMI (continuous, kg/m2), parity/age at first birth, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, estrogen plus progestin use, education, and age at attained height.
a
Based on continuous term in multivariable model.