Fig. 4.

Effects of maoto on polyI:C (PIC)-induced cytokine response. Effect of maoto on polyI:C-induced cytokine levels: a TNF-α, b IL-1β, c IFN-γ, d IL-6, and e IL-10. PolyI:C was administered at a dose of 6 mg/kg. Maoto was administered at a dose of 2 g/kg. Relative plasma concentrations of cytokines at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after maoto administration were measured. Data represent mean ± SEM of the following measurements: at 1 h, n = 6; at 2 h, Control (n = 18), PIC (n = 18), Maoto (n = 17), PIC + Maoto (n-18); at 4 h, TNF-α (n = 10); IL-1β (n = 10), IL-10 (n = 10), and IFN-γ (n = 10); at 4 h, Control (n = 9), PIC (n = 10), Maoto (n = 10), PIC + Maoto (n = 10); IL-6 (n = 10); at 6 h, n = 6. **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05 versus control group; ⁺⁺ P < 0.01, ⁺ P < 0.05 versus polyI:C group by Welch’s t-test with Bonferroni correction