Table 4.
Odds ratios of obstetric and delivery complications in relation to depression with and without antidepressant medication.
| Non-depressed N = 20024 | Depression without medication N = 4015 | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Depression with medication N = 1049 | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | Adjusted | n | (%) | Adjusted | |
| Hyperemesis | 7117 | (35.5) | 1565 | (39.0) | 1.16 (1.08–1.25)*** | 422 | (40.2) | 1.19 (1.05–1.35)** |
| Gestational diabetes | 2440 | (12.2) | 501 | (12.5) | 1.00 (0.90–1.11) | 128 | (12.2) | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) |
| Preeclampsia/eclampsia | 439 | (2.2) | 89 | (2.2) | 0.93 (0.73–1.17) | 23 | (2.2) | 0.84 (0.54–1.31) |
| Abortion | 514 | (2.6) | 137 | (3.4) | 1.33 (1.10–1.61)** | 28 | (2.7) | 1.04 (0.70–1.52) |
| Intrauterine growth retardation | 64 | (0.3) | 15 | (0.4) | 1.12 (0.64–1.97) | 4 | (0.4) | 1.11 (0.40–3.05) |
| Antepartum hemorrhage | 1734 | (8.7) | 364 | (9.1) | 1.03 (0.92–1.17) | 95 | (9.1) | 1.06 (0.85–1.31) |
| Placental previa | 2851 | (14.2) | 580 | (14.5) | 0.99 (0.90–1.10) | 165 | (15.7) | 1.13 (0.95–1.34) |
| Placental abruption | 191 | (1.0) | 43 | (1.07) | 1.05 (0.75–1.47) | 11 | (1.05) | 1.03 (0.56–1.88) |
| Premature rupture membranes | 1491 | (7.5) | 320 | (8.0) | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 75 | (7.2) | 0.98 (0.77–1.25) |
| Chorioamnionitis | 99 | (0.5) | 19 | (0.5) | 0.94 (0.58–1.54) | 11 | (1.1) | 2.23 (1.19–4.17)* |
| Postpartum Hemorrhage | 688 | (3.4) | 155 | (3.9) | 1.11 (0.93–1.32) | 30 | (2.9) | 0.81 (0.56–1.17) |
| Preterm labor/delivery | 1080 | (5.4) | 250 | (6.2) | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | 75 | (7.2) | 1.33 (1.04–1.70)* |
| Malpresentation | 2101 | (10.5) | 507 | (12.6) | 1.20 (1.08–1.33)*** | 115 | (11.0) | 1.05 (0.86–1.28) |
| Low birth weight | 488 | (2.4) | 101 | (2.5) | 0.97 (0.78–1.21) | 29 | (2.8) | 1.11 (0.76–1.63) |
| Normal spontaneous delivery | 13033 | (65.1) | 2366 | (58.9) | 0.80 (0.74–0.85)*** | 634 | (60.4) | 0.80 (0.71–0.92)** |
| Cesarean Section | 6924 | (34.6) | 1625 | (40.5) | 1.25 (1.16–1.34)*** | 411 | (39.2) | 1.24 (1.09–1.42)** |
| Vacuum Extraction/Forceps | 1768 | (8.8) | 328 | (8.2) | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | 102 | (9.7) | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) |
| Intrauterine fetal death | 87 | (0.4) | 31 | (0.8) | 1.69 (1.12–2.56)* | 6 | (0.6) | 1.28 (0.56–2.94) |
Adjusted odds ratio was estimated using logistic regression controlling for age, geographic region, chronic hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and anemia. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.