Table 5.
Age-specific odds ratios of maternal obstetric and delivery complications in relation to depression with and without antidepressant medication.
| Age, years | Non-depressed | Depression without medication | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | Depression with medication | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | Adjusted | n | (%) | Adjusted | |
| <25 yr N | 2311 | 438 | 140 | |||||
| Hyperemesis | 904 | (39.1) | 201 | (45.9) | 1.29 (1.05–1.59)** | 63 | (45.0) | 1.26 (0.89–1.77) |
| Abortion | 62 | (2.68) | 13 | (2.97) | 1.16 (0.63–2.13) | 5 | (3.57) | 1.34 (0.53–3.40) |
| Malpresentation | 154 | (6.66) | 42 | (9.59) | 1.48 (1.03–2.13)* | 11 | (7.86) | 1.18 (0.62–2.23) |
| Normal spontaneous delivery | 1779 | (77.0) | 295 | (67.4) | 0.63 (0.50–0.78)*** | 104 | (74.3) | 0.86 (0.58–1.28) |
| Cesarean Section | 528 | (22.9) | 141 | (32.2) | 1.58 (1.26–1.98)*** | 34 | (24.3) | 1.08 (0.73–1.62) |
| Intrauterine fetal death | 6 | (0.26) | 2 | (0.46) | 1.72 (0.34–8.61) | 1 | (0.71) | 2.99 (0.35–25.2) |
| 25–34 yr N | 14792 | 2910 | 788 | |||||
| Hyperemesis | 5391 | (36.5) | 1152 | (39.6) | 1.14 (1.05–1.23)** | 319 | (40.5) | 1.18 (1.02–1.36)* |
| Abortion | 370 | (2.50) | 106 | (3.64) | 1.46 (1.17–1.82)*** | 21 | (2.66) | 1.06 (0.68–1.66) |
| Malpresentation | 1536 | (10.4) | 372 | (12.8) | 1.25 (1.11–1.41)*** | 88 | (11.2) | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) |
| Normal spontaneous delivery | 9831 | (66.5) | 1762 | (60.6) | 0.79 (0.72–0.85)*** | 475 | (60.3) | 0.78 (0.67–0.90)** |
| Cesarean Section | 4914 | (33.2) | 1137 | (39.1) | 1.27 (1.17–1.38)*** | 311 | (39.5) | 1.29 (1.11–1.49)*** |
| Intrauterine fetal death | 61 | (0.41) | 20 | (0.69) | 1.63 (0.98–2.71) | 4 | (0.51) | 1.17 (0.42–3.24) |
| > = 35 yr N | 2921 | 667 | 121 | |||||
| Hyperemesis | 822 | (28.1) | 212 | (31.8) | 1.17 (0.97–1.40) | 40 | (33.1) | 1.24 (0.84–1.83) |
| Abortion | 82 | (2.81) | 18 | (2.70) | 0.93 (0.55–1.56) | 2 | (1.65) | 0.55 (0.13–2.27) |
| Malpresentation | 411 | (14.1) | 93 | (13.9) | 0.99 (0.77–1.26) | 16 | (13.2) | 0.91 (0.53–1.56) |
| Normal spontaneous delivery | 1423 | (48.7) | 309 | (46.3) | 0.92 (0.77–1.09) | 55 | (45.5) | 0.91 (0.63–1.31) |
| Cesarean Section | 1482 | (50.7) | 347 | (52.0) | 1.04 (0.88–1.24) | 66 | (54.6) | 1.14 (0.79–1.64) |
| Intrauterine fetal death | 20 | (0.68) | 9 | (1.35) | 1.88 (0.84–4.20) | 1 | (0.83) | 1.13 (0.15–8.56) |
Adjusted odds ratio was estimated using logistic regression controlling for geographic region, chronic hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and anemia. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
Interaction between age and medication was significant for Cesarean section (p = 0.04), but not for hyperemesis (p = 0.77), abortion (p = 0.44), malpresentation (p = 0.33), normal spontaneous delivery (p = 0.09) and intrauterine fetal death (p = 0.97).