Figure 2. daf-16/FoxO shifts metabolic flux and increases trehalose synthesis during starvation.
(A) Principal component analysis (PCA) of targeted metabolomic analysis fed and starved wild-type (WT) and daf-16 L1 larvae shows separation by condition, but not by genotype. 80% confidence ellipses are included with seven biological replicates. (B) Disaccharide levels were measured in non-targeted metabolomic analysis. Mean and SD of log2 fold-change relative to fed WT is plotted for four biological replicates (pint=0.05, n = 4, two-way ANOVA). (C) Trehalose levels were measured in a biochemical assay, and log2 fold-change relative to fed WT is plotted for four biological replicates (pint=0.003, n = 4, two-way ANOVA). (D) Trehalose content in fed (gray) and starved (orange) worms is plotted over time. Fed and starved conditions are significantly different (p=0.01, n = 2, two-way ANOVA). Mean and standard error of the mean of two biological replicates are shown.