Table 3. Comparison of patients exposed to or unexposed to hydroxychloroquine within three years from initial diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome before and after matching.
| Exposure groups before matching | Exposure groups after matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hydroxychloroquine users (n = 1,700) | hydroxychloroquine nonusers (n = 2,366) | Standardized difference | hydroxychloroquine users (n = 1,682) | hydroxychloroquine nonusers (n = 1,682) | Standardized difference | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 52 (42–61) | 53 (44–64) | –0.0960 | 52 (43–61) | 51 (43–61) | 0.0192 |
| Gender, No. (%) | ||||||
| Men | 190 (11.18) | 334 (14.12) | –0.0960 | 189 (11.24) | 189 (11.24) | 0.0192 |
| Women | 1510 (88.82) | 2032 (85.88) | 1493 (88.76) | 1493 (88.76) | ||
| Place of residence, No. (%) | ||||||
| Urban | 543 (31.94) | 779 (32.92) | 0.0759 | 538 (31.99) | 556 (33.06) | 0.0693 |
| Suburban | 530 (31.18) | 709 (29.97) | 525 (31.21) | 509 (30.26) | ||
| Rural | 594 (34.94) | 819 (34.62) | 586 (34.84) | 581 (34.54) | ||
| Unknown | 33 (1.94) | 59 (2.49) | 33 (1.96) | 36 (2.14) | ||
| Income level, No. (%) | ||||||
| Quintile 1 | 300 (17.65) | 500 (21.13) | 0.1185 | 299 (17.78) | 307 (18.25) | 0.0796 |
| Quintile 2 | 190 (11.18) | 246 (10.40) | 187 (11.12) | 199 (11.83) | ||
| Quintile 2 | 375 (22.06) | 592 (25.02) | 375 (22.29) | 377 (22.41) | ||
| Quintile 4 | 348 (20.47) | 411 (17.37) | 341 (20.27) | 326 (19.38) | ||
| Quintile 5 | 467 (27.47) | 585 (24.73) | 460 (27.35) | 448 (26.63) | ||
| Unknown | 20 (1.18) | 32 (1.35) | 20 (1.19) | 25 (1.49) | ||
| Occupation, No. (%) | ||||||
| Dependents of the insured individuals | 387 (22.76) | 572 (24.18) | 0.1168 | 386 (22.95) | 375 (22.29) | 0.0451 |
| Civil servants, teachers, military personnel, and veterans | 176 (10.35) | 214 (9.04) | 174 (10.34) | 158 (9.39) | ||
| Nonmanual workers and professionals | 440 (25.88) | 536 (22.65) | 431 (25.62) | 445 (26.46) | ||
| Manual workers | 553 (32.53) | 779 (32.92) | 548 (32.58) | 557 (33.12) | ||
| Other | 144 (8.47) | 265 (11.20) | 143 (8.50) | 147 (8.74) | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index, No. (%) | ||||||
| 1–2 | 1303 (76.65) | 1808 (76.42) | 0.1017 | 1300 (77.29) | 1316 (78.24) | 0.0970 |
| 3–4 | 210 (12.35) | 287 (12.13) | 206 (12.25) | 198 (11.77) | ||
| ≥ 4 | 187 (11.00) | 271 (11.45) | 176 (10.46) | 168 (9.99) | ||
| Medications, No. (%) | ||||||
| Azathioprine | 10 (0.59) | 17 (0.72) | -0.0390 | 10 (0.59) | 11 (0.65) | –0.034 |
| Prednisolone | 792 (46.59) | 1109 (46.87) | -0.0050 | 786(46.73) | 808 (48.04) | –0.020 |
| Methotrexate | 14 (0.82) | 20 (0.85) | -0.0060 | 14 (0.83) | 14 (0.83) | –0.004 |
| Cyclosporin | 3 (0.18) | 6 (0.25) | 0.0129 | 3 (0.18) | 3 (0.18) | 0.0304 |