Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.
| Author (year) | Country | Registration number | Treatment /Control | Patients | Age≠ | Man# (%) | Overall survival (months/number) | Relapse–free survival (months) | Toxic effects | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median time (95%CI) | 1–year | 3–year | 5–year | Median time (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||||||||
| Neoptolems JP (2017) | Many countries | ESPAC–4 | G | 336 | 65 | 63 | 25.5 (22.7–27.9) | 292 | 79 | 9 | 13.1 (11.6–15.3) | 1 | 196 |
| G + CP | 364 | 65 | 55 | 28.0 (23.5–31.5) | 302 | 102 | 19 | 13.9 (12.1–16.6) | 0.86 (0.73–1.02) | 226 | |||
| Uesaka K (2016) | Japan | UMIN 000000655 | S | 187 | 66 | 57 | 46.5 (37.8–63.7) | 172 | 111 | 80 | 22.9 (17.4–30.6) | 0.6 (0.47–0.76) | 26* |
| G | 190 | 66 | 54 | 25.5 (22.5–29.6) | 151 | 73 | 45 | 11.3 (9.7–13.6) | 1 | 138* | |||
| Shimoda M (2015) | Japan | NA | S | 29 | 65* | 28 | 21.5 (14.4–42.3) | 25 | 4 | NA | 14.6 (8.8–28.4) | 0.67 (0.4–1.11) | 6* |
| G | 28 | 65* | 43 | 18.0 (13.3–42.8) | 21 | 4 | NA | 10.5 (7.0–28.4) | 1 | 15* | |||
| Oettle H (2013) | Germany /Austria | CONK O–001 | G | 179 | 62 | 41 | 22.8 | 128 | 36 | 14 | 13.4 (11.6–15.3) | 0.55 (0.44–0.69) | 5* |
| Observation | 175 | 62 | 44 | 20.2 | 126 | 25 | 8 | 6.7 (6.0–7.5) | 1 | 0 | |||
| Reni M (2012) | Italy | NCT 00960284 | G + CRT | 42 | 61 | 79 | 26.2 (17.4–37.4) | NA | NA | NA | 11.7 (7.0–20.5) | 1 | 9* |
| PEFG + CRT | 38 | 60 | 63 | 31.6 (17.6–42.2) | NA | NA | NA | 15.2 (10.3–25.7) | 0.79 (0.56–1.13)* | 26* | |||
| Regine WF (2011) | America | NCT 00003216 | F + CRT | 230 | 62 | 60 | 17.1 | 160 | 52 | 43 | NA | NA | 143 |
| G + CRT | 221 | 61 | 53 | 20.5 | 155 | 59 | 41 | NA | NA | 175 | |||
| Neoptolems JP (2010) | 17 countries | NCT 00058201 | F | 551 | 63 | 55 | 23.0 (21.1–25) | 413 | 109 | 15 | 14.1 (12.5–15.3) | 1 | 379* |
| G | 537 | 63 | 55 | 23.6 (21.4–26.4) | 415 | 103 | 13 | 14.3 (13.5–15.6) | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 221* | |||
| UenoH (2009) | Japan | NA | G | 58 | 65 | 69 | 22.3 (16.1–30.7) | 45 | 17 | 8 | 11.4 (8.0–14.5) | 0.6 (0.40–0.89) | 51* |
| Observation | 60 | 64 | 67 | 18.4 (15.1–25.3) | 45 | 14 | 3 | 5.0 (3.7–8.9) | 1 | 0 | |||
| Neoptolems JP (2009) | many countries | ESPAC–1 +, ESPAC–3 v1 | F | 158 | NA | NA | 1 + :24.0 (18.8–29.4);3v1:25.9 (18.3– 36.3) | 122 | 49 | 23 | NA | NA | NA |
| Observation | 156 | NA | NA | 1 + :12.8 (10.2–16.9);3v1:20.3 (18.1–31.7) | 94 | 29 | 15 | NA | NA | NA | |||
| Yoshitomi H (2008) | Japan | NA | G | 49 | 63 | 18 | 29.8 | 42 | 11 | NA | 12 | 1 | 15 |
| G + UFT | 50 | 63 | 17 | 21.2 | 39 | 7 | NA | 12.3 | 0.97 (0.93–1.49)* | 12 | |||
| Smeenk HG (2007) | European countries | EORTC 40891 | F + CRT | 63 | NA | NA | 15.6 (13.2–21.6) | 47* | 15* | 10* | 18 (12–21.6) | 0.81 (0.55–1.17) | 10* |
| Observation | 57 | NA | NA | 12 (9.6–16.8) | 29* | 9* | 4* | 14.4 (10.8–20.4) | 1 | 0 | |||
| Kosuge T (2006) | Japan | NA | F + C | 45 | 60 | 29 | 12.5 | 23 | 11 | 7 | 10.2 | 0.83 (0.56–1.23) | 9 |
| Observation | 44 | 60.1 | 21 | 15.8 | 29 | 10 | 4 | 8.6 | 1 | 0 | |||
| Neoptolemos JP (2004) | European countries | ESPAC–1 trial | Observation | 69 | NA | NA | 16.9 (12.3–24.8) | 39* | 15* | 4* | NA | NA | 0 |
| F | 75 | NA | NA | 21.6 (13.5–27.3) | 55* | 21* | 9* | NA | NA | 11 | |||
| F + CRT | 72 | NA | NA | 19.9 (14.2–22.5) | 44* | 17* | 2* | NA | NA | 16 | |||
| KalserMH (1985) | America | NA | F + CRT | 21 | NA | NA | 20 | 14* | 5* | 3* | NA | 0.6 (0.43–0.85)* | 3 |
| Observation | 22 | NA | NA | 11 | 11* | 5* | 2* | NA | 1 | 0 | |||
S, S-1; F, fluorouracil; G, gemcitabine, CRT, chemoradiation; C, Cisplatin; UFT, uracil/tegafur; NA, not available;≠ mean age; #,percentage of male;*estimated from summary statistics.