Table 4. Therapeutic management and outcomes of polymicrobial bloodstream infection and monomicrobial bloodstream infection.
| Characteristics | PBSI N = 194(%) |
MBSI N = 1702(%) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Empirical antibiotic treatment | 184 (94.8) | 1595 (93.5) | 0.640 |
| Combination therapy* | 95 (51.6) | 713 (44.7) | 0.074 |
| Monotherapy | 89 (48.4) | 882 (55.3) | 0.074 |
| β-lactam + β-lactamase inhibitor | 44 (49.4) | 405 (45.9) | 0.526 |
| Carbapenem | 24 (27) | 185 (21) | 0.19 |
| Cephalosporine | 10 (11.2) | 155 (17.6) | 0.128 |
| Aztreonam | 1 (1.1) | 11 (1.2) | 1 |
| Quinolone | 3 (3.4) | 56 (6.4) | 0.261 |
| Aminoglycoside | 1 (1.1) | 7 (0.8) | 0.743 |
| Glycopeptide | 8 (9) | 97 (11) | 0.561 |
| Inadequate empirical antibiotic therapy | 54 (25.7) | 438 (27.8) | 0.527 |
| Septic shock at presentation | 24 (12.4) | 191 (11.2) | 0.64 |
| Intensive care unit admission | 19 (9.8) | 126 (7.4) | 0.24 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 13 (6.7) | 67 (4) | 0.07 |
| Early case-fatality rate (7d) | 29 (15) | 176 (10.4) | 0.04 |
| Overall case-fatality rate (30d) | 62 (32) | 349 (20.9) | <0.001 |
*More than 80% of the patients who received a combination therapy were treated with a β-lactam (mainly a cephalosporin or a carbapenem) plus an aminoglycoside.