Figure 2.
TNF blockade ameliorates endothelial activation in sickle mice. Panel A. The low TF expression of unstressed NY1DD mice (bar 1) is increased by H/R exposure (bar 2). Pretreatment with control peptide (bar 3) or with heat inactivated etanercept (bar 4) had no effect, but etanercept exerted dose‐dependent inhibition (bar 5 and 6). IL‐1 blocker anakinra had very little effect (bar 7), but TNF‐specific blocker infliximab strongly inhibited TF (bar 8). For Panel A, n = 8,8,8,4,10,3,8,5. Panel B shows inhibition of VCAM‐1 expression in those same NY1DD mice. For Panel B, n = 10,10,8,3,8,3,5,4. Panels C and D. S+SAntilles mice had elevated TF and VCAM‐1 (bars 2), compared to their C57BL controls (bars 1). After long‐term treatment (13 weeks), this was inhibited by etanercept (bars 4) but not control peptide (bars 3). For Panel C, n = 7,4,6,11. For Panel D, n = 7,4,5,6. Panels E and F. SS‐BERK mice had elevated TF and VCAM‐1 (bars 2), compared to their AA‐BERK controls controls (bars 1). Etanercept treatment for 3 weeks (bars 4) or 6 weeks (bars 6) inhibited TF and VCAM‐1 expression; control peptide did not (bars 3 and 5). For Panels E and F, n = 6,4,5,6,3,4