Table 3.

Mixed‐effects logistic regression analyses assessing the risk of lactic acidosis

	Covariate	OR	P‐value	95% CI
Univariate analysis
	AKI Stage
	1	3.2	.001	1.6‐6.6
	2	9.6	<.001	4.7‐19.3
	3	15.9	<.001	7.7‐32.8
	Metformin	1.8	.011	1.1‐2.9
	Type 2 Diabetes	2.3	.018	1.2‐4.8
Multivariate analysis
	AKI Stage
	1	3.0	.002	1.5‐6.1
	2	9.4	<.001	4.7‐18.8
	3	16.1	<.001	7.9‐33.0
	CKD Stage 4/5	3.6	.028	1.1‐11.6
	Metformin	2.3	.002	1.4‐3.8

Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.