Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors associated with postoperative complications

	Univariate			Multivariate
Characteristics	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Age (≥ 75 years)	1.441	0.621–3.343	0.395	1.827	0.641–5.212	0.260
Sex	0.721	0.422–1.234	0.233	0.703	0.361–1.371	0.301
BMI (< 18.5 kg/m2)	0.384	0.085–1.725	0.212	0.269	0.050–1.447	0.126
Comorbidities
Diabetes mellitus	2.433	0.971–6.096	0.058	2.310	0.784–6.812	0.129
Hypertension	0.628	0.364–1.085	0.095	0.717	0.364–1.411	0.335
Preoperative serum albumin (< 35 g/L)	0.745	0.326–1.701	0.485	0.274	0.092–0.810	0.019
Preoperative hemoglobin (< 120 g/L)	1.587	0.957–2.630	0.073	2.023	1.027–3.985	0.042
Preoperative CRP (≥ 10 g/L)	1.030	0.417–2.544	0.949	0.965	0.304–3.059	0.951
CA 19–9 (≥ 37 ng/ml)	1.376	0.747–2.536	0.306	1.363	0.615–3.020	0.446
CEA (≥ 5 ng/ml)	0.956	0.445–2.057	0.909	0.681	0.267–1.738	0.422
Lymphocyte count (≥ 3 × 109/L)	0.223	0.029–1.743	0.153	0.164	0.019–1.447	0.104
CRP on POD 3 (mg/L)	4.513	2.611–7.799	<0.001	2.376	0.955–5.913	0.063
Postoperative CAR	4.291	2.544–7.237	<0.001	3.037	1.248–7.392	0.014
ASA ≥ 3	0.818	0.498–1.343	0.427	0.793	0.415–1.519	0.485
Clinical stage (≥ II)	1.010	0.590–1.729	0.971	0.565	0.271–1.177	0.128
Mode of surgical approach	0.809	0.289–2.264	0.686	0.787	0.228–2.715	0.704
Type of resection	0.945	0.576–1.553	0.824	0.858	0.452–1.630	0.641
Degree of lymph node dissection (D) ≥ 2	2.542	1.269–5.092	0.008	4.429	1.884–10.410	0.001
Operation time (≥ 250 min)	1.544	0.934–2.553	0.090	1.513	0.791–2.893	0.211
Blood loss (≥ 200 ml)	1.443	0.845–2.466	0.179	1.424	0.762–2.659	0.268

BMI body mass index, CA 19–9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen, CRP C-reactive protein, POD Postoperative day, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, CAR CRP to albumin (CRP/ALB) ratio, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval