Table 4.
Association between placental malaria infection stages with birth outcomes at delivery, adjusted for confounding variables
| Hb level | Anaemia | Birth weight | LBW | GA | PTD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM stages | ACoeff (95% CI)a | p | AOR (95% CI)a | p | ACoeff (95% CI)a | p | AOR (95% CI)a | p | ACoeff (95% CI)a | p | AOR (95% CI)a | p |
| Acute | 0.15 (− 0.34–0.64) | 0.560 | 0.61 (0.33–1.10) | 0.091 | − 188.98 (− 323.33–54.64) | 0.006 | 1.97 (0.98–3.95) | 0.056 | − 0.65 (− 5.02–3.71) | 0.770 | 2.33 (0.86–6.35) | 0.097 |
| Chronic | − 0.87 (− 1.36–0.38) | 0.001 | 2.22 (1.02–4.84) | 0.045 | − 63.64 (− 199.08–71.79) | 0.357 | 1.22 (0.59–2.50) | 0.589 | − 3.39 (− 7.79–1.02) | 0.132 | 3.92 (1.64–9.38) | 0.002 |
| Past | − 0.25 (− 0.56–0.05) | 0.103 | 1.53 (0.89–2.38) | 0.061 | − 76.12 (− 159.07–6.84) | 0.072 | 1.00 (0.61–1.63) | 0.985 | − 1.52 (− 4.27−1.23) | 0.279 | 1.46 (0.71–3.03) | 0.305 |
| No | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
Data are coefficients or odds ratios (95% confident interval) for multivariate linear and logistic regression models, p values are shown. p < 0.05 marked in italic
PM placental malaria, Hb haemoglobin, LBW low birth weight, GA gestational age, PTD preterm delivery, ACoeff adjusted coefficient or AOR adjusted odds ratio, REF reference group
aVariables included in multivariate analyses are placental malaria infection stages, gravidity, place of residence, maternal age, clinical malaria, maternal mid-upper arm circumference and weight