Table 12.
12 out of 15 nuclear receptors have anti-inflammatory roles reported in the literature
| Gene name (full name) | NRNC symbol | Tissue/cell type | Purpose | Treat | Suppressed | Induced | PMID | Inflam. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokines/signaling | ||||||||
| Class I—thyroid hormone receptor-like | ||||||||
| THRA | NR1A1 | Aorta macrophages | Atherosclerosis | KO | – | IL-1β, NFκB, TNF-α | 24797634 | Anti |
| PPARG | NR1C3 | Mouse cancer model | Tumor growth and angiogenesis | Act | IL-17 | – | 23619236 | Anti |
| NR1D1 | NR1D1 | Peritoneal macrophages | Aging- or obesity-associated impairment of clockwork and inflammation | Act | Ccl2, ERK, p38 | – | 24307731 | Anti |
| Mice macrophages | Circadian clockwork and inflammatory disease | KO | – | IL-6 | 22184247 | |||
| NR1H3 | NR1H3 | Mice plasma and kidney | Normal and diabetic kidney | KO | – | Nox2, Ncf1, MDA, TLR2, ICAM1, IL-1β, CD68 | 24201575 | Anti |
| NR1H2 | NR1H2 | Mice plasma and kidney | Normal and diabetic kidney | KO | – | Nox2, Ncf1, TLR2, ICAM1, IL-1β, CD69, MDA(urinary) | 24201575 | Anti |
| Macrophage cell line | LPS treat | Act | TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40 | – | 23099324 | |||
| ob/ob mouse liver | Cellular lipid metabolism | Block | – | Cox-2, MCP-1, MIP-2 | 24206663 | |||
| NR1H4 | NR1H4 | Obese mice liver | Obesity-related metabolite disorder | Ace | – | Mmp13, Cxcl2, Cxcl8, Cxcl14, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α | 25425577 | Anti |
| PPARD | NR1C2 | Epithelial cells | Act | – | COX-2 | 24763687 | Pro | |
| Class II—retinoid X receptor-like | ||||||||
| RXRA | NR2B1 | Spleen macrophages | Age-related disease | Act | – | COX-2, NF-kB, IL-6 | 24051096 | Pro |
| NR2F2 | NR2F2 | Prostate cancer | Prostate cancer | Act | TGF-β | – | 23201680 | Anti |
| Class III—estrogen receptor-like | ||||||||
| ESR1 | NR3A1 | Male mice | Obesity | KO | IL-10 | IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 | 25373903 | Anti |
| Astrocytes | Neuroprotective | Act | CCL2, CCL7 | – | 23804112 | |||
| ESR3 | NR3B2 | Mice | Intestine tumor | KO | – | TGF-β | 24104551 | Anti |
| AR | NR3C4 | Prostate cancer cells | Prostate tumorigenesis | KD | – | AKT | 25527506 | Pro |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Cell adhesion and migration | KO | – | PI3K/AKT | 24944078 | |||
| Class IV—nerve growth factor IB-like | ||||||||
| NR4A1 | NR4A1 | Macrophages | Atherosclerotic lesions | KO | – | IL-4 | 23288947 | Anti |
| Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) | Atherosclerotic lesions | KO | – | IL-12, IFN-δ, SDF-1α | 22194623 | |||
| Macrophage | Atherosclerotic lesions | KO | – | TNF-α, TLR-4, NFκB | 22194622 | |||
| NR4A3 | NR4A3 | Mast cells | Vascular biology and inflammation | KO | – | IL-13, MCP-1, TNF-α | 24586680 | Anti |
| Hematopoietic stem cells | Atherosclerotic lesions | KO | – | Ly6C(+) monocytes | 24806827 | |||
| Endothelial cells | Atherosclerotic lesions | KO | – | VCAM-1, ICAM-1 | 20558821 | |||
| Class O—miscellaneous | ||||||||
| NR0B2 | NR0B2 | Mice kidney | Inflammasome | KO | – | IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, ASC | 25655831 | Anti |
Abbreviations: KO knockout, Act activation, Ace acetylation, Cxcl Cxc ligand, IL interleukin, MCP monocyte chemotactic protein, Mmp matrix metallopeptidase, TLR Toll-like receptor, VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule, ICAM intercellular adhesion molecule, Inflam inflammation, Anti anti-inflammatory, Pro pro-inflammatory