Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants stratified by the status of smoking and drinking in a Beijing community-dwelling population (2007–2009)
| Characteristics | Nonsmokers (n = 1901) | Smokers (n = 723) | P valuea | Nondrinkers (n = 1821) | Drinkers (n = 803) | P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 54(40–66) | 54(39–67) | 0.955 | 58(47–68) | 42(32–57) | <0.001 |
| Males (%) | 729(38.3) | 629(87.0) | <0.001 | 607(33.3) | 751(93.5) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.98(22.72–27.25) | 25.39(23.32–27.52) | 0.002 | 24.98(22.67–27.39) | 25.39(23.46–27.18) | 0.015 |
| WC (cm) | 84(77–91) | 89(83–95) | <0.001 | 85(77–92) | 87(81–93) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | 391(20.6) | 412(57.0) | <0.001 | |||
| Cigarette smoking (%) | 311(17.1) | 412(51.3) | <0.001 | |||
| PP (mmHg) | 48(40–60) | 48(40–58) | 0.427 | 50(40–60) | 46(40–54) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.92(4.57–5.39) | 4.95(4.55–5.47) | 0.513 | 4.95(4.56–5.49) | 4.90(4.59–5.25) | 0.014 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.75(2.25–3.25) | 2.76(2.29–3.22) | 0.962 | 2.85(2.34–3.35) | 2.54(2.11–3.01) | <0.001 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.38(1.18–1.63) | 1.26(1.06–1.48) | <0.001 | 1.36(1.16–1.62) | 1.31(1.10–1.53) | <0.001 |
| crPWV (m/s) | 9.2(8.4–10.0) | 9.8(9.1–10.9) | 0.001 | 9.2(8.3–10.0) | 9.8(9.0–10.9) | 0.008 |
Notes: a P value for difference between nonsmokers and smokers; b P value for difference between nondrinkers and drinkers
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, WC Waist circumference, PP Pulse pressure, FBG Fasting blood glucose, LDL-c Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-c High density lipoprotein cholesterol, crPWV carotid-radial pulse wave velocity