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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Hum Robot Interact. 2014 Jul;3(2):74–99. doi: 10.5898/JHRI.3.2.Beer

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Levels of autonomy across the robot primitives sense, plan, and act. Two examples are given: assisted teleoperation (dotted line) and semi-autonomous navigation (solid line). Model modified from Parasuraman, Sheridan, and Wickens, 2000.