Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study groups
| Characteristics | Women taking ACEI (n=27) |
Women not taking ACEI (n=68) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73.6±4.7 | 71.40±4.2 | 0.03 |
| Education (years) | 13.8±3.3 | 14.5±2.7 | 0.50 |
| Medications (number) | 8.1±4.27 | 5.2±3.0 | 0.002 |
| Body mass (kg) | 69.2±9.4 | 68.1±11.6 | 0.54 |
| Body mass index (kg·m−2) | 27.5±3.9 | 27.1±4.3 | 0.47 |
| Fat percentage of body mass (%) | 37.9±7.5 | 37.9±8.4 | 0.88 |
| PA energy expenditure (SDRPAQ) (kcal·kg−1·day−1) | 39.2±5.6 | 39.0±5.0 | 0.90 |
| PA health-related behaviors (Stanford moderate index) | 1.96±1.34 | 2.29±1.3 | 0.25 |
| Handgrip strength – left (kg) | 23.6±8.9 | 22.8±7.9 | 0.67 |
| Handgrip strength – right (kg) | 25.5±8.2 | 24.9±7.8 | 0.72 |
| Pmax (W) | 222±82 | 228±61 | 0.18 |
| Pmax(W·kg−1) | 3.2±1.2 | 3.3±1.0 | 0.26 |
| υopt (rep min−1) | 66.3±11.9 | 68.8±9.3 | 0.29 |
| ADL | 5.80±0.29 | 5.83±0.25 | 0.62 |
| IADL | 7.96±0.19 | 7.97±0.17 | 0.85 |
| TUG (s) | 7.4±1.7 | 7.2±2.3 | 0.27 |
| ACE (U L−1) | 28.0±13.3 | 44.7±16.3 | <0.001 |
Note: Data presented as mean ± standard deviation.
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACEI, ACE inhibitor; ADL, Activities of Daily Living; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; PA, physical activity; Pmax, maximum power; SDRPAQ, 7-Day Recall PA Questionnaire; TUG, Timed Up and Go test; υopt, optimal shortening velocity of the knee extensor muscles.