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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2017 Jun 1;99(2):317–324. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.05.039

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1

The three-stage optimization for optimal gating inverse planning, where the number of gating windows per beam gradually reduces from N1=10 to N3=1 over the three optimization stages (OSs). At OS3, a candidate non-EE phase (Pmax) competes with the EE phase.