Table 2.
Infant anthropometry and feeding
| Variable | Mbekweni (Black African) | TC Newman (Mixed race) | Total | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth, (n) | 421 | 371 | 792 | |
| Median WFAZ [IQR] | −0.4 [−1.2 to 0.3] | −0.7 [−1.4 to −0.1] | −0.5 [−1.3 to 0.1] | <0.001 |
| Median HFAZ [IQR] | 0.1 [−0.8 to 1.1] | 0.003 [0.8 to 0.9] | 0.1 [−0.8 to 1.0] | 0.019 |
| 2 months, (n) | 344 | 337 | 681 | |
| Median WFAZ [IQR] | −0.1 [−0.9 to 0.6] | −0.5 [−1.4 to 0.2] | −0.3 [−1.1 to 0.4] | <0.001 |
| Median HFAZ [IQR] | −0.5 [−1.3 to 0.5] | −0.9 [−1.9 to 0.0] | −0.7 [−1.6 to 0.2] | <0.001 |
| Median change in WFAZ between birth and 2 months [IQR] (n = 681) | 0.3 [−0.5 to 1.0] | 0.1 [−0.5 to 0.7] | 0.2 [−0.5 to 0.9] | 0.017 |
| Median change in HFAZ between birth and 2 months [IQR] (n = 681) | −0.7 [−1.6 to 0.3] | −1.0 [−1.8 to 0.1] | −0.9 [−1.7 to 0.2] | 0.040 |
| 6 months, (n) | 243 | 274 | 517 | |
| Median WFAZ [IQR] | 0.5 [−0.4 to 1.2] | −0.05 [−1.0 to 0.8] | 0.2 [−0.7 to 1.0] | <0.001 |
| Median HFAZ [IQR] | −0.2 [−1.3 to 0.7] | −0.7 [−1.6 to 0.2] | −0.4 [−1.5 to 0.5] | 0.002 |
| Median change in WFAZ between 2 and 6 months [IQR] (n = 500) | 0.5 [−0.1 to 1.2] | 0.4 [−0.1 to 1.0] | 0.4 [−0.1 to 1.1] | 0.455 |
| Median change in HFAZ between 2 and 6 months [IQR] (n = 500) | 0.3 [−0.8 to 1.3] | 0.2 [−0.5 to 0.9] | 0.2 [−0.6 to 1.1] | 0.732 |
| 12 months, (n) | 155 | 187 | 342 | |
| Median WFAZ [IQR] | 0.3 [−0.5 to 1.0] | −0.1 [−1.1 to 0.6] | 0.1 [−0.8 to 0.8] | <0.001 |
| Median HFAZ [IQR] | −0.3 [−1.2 to 0.6] | −0.6 [−1.6 to 0.2] | −0.5 [−1.4 to 0.4] | 0.014 |
| Median change in WFAZ between 6 and 12 months [IQR] (n = 305) | 0.1 [−0.5 to 0.6] | −0.03 [−0.5 to 0.3] | 0.02 [−0.5 to 0.4] | 0.262 |
| Median change in HFAZ between 6 and 12 months [IQR] (n = 305) | −0.01 [−0.9 to 0.8] | 0.2 [−0.7 to 0.8] | 0.1 [−0.8 to 0.8] | 0.417 |
| Infant feeding categories | ||||
| 2 months, (n) | 344 | 337 | 681 | |
| Exclusive breastfeeding | 143 (42) | 163 (48) | 306 (45) | |
| Exclusive formula feeding | 81 (24) | 11 (3) | 92 (14) | <0.001 |
| Mixed feeding | 120 (35) | 163 (48) | 283 (42) | |
| 6 months, (n) | 243 | 274 | 517 | |
| Exclusive breastfeeding | 22 (9) | 23 (8) | 45 (9) | |
| Exclusive formula feeding | 31 (13) | 3 (1) | 34 (7) | <0.001 |
| Mixed feeding | 190 (78) | 248 (91) | 438 (85) | |
| 12 months, (n) | 155 | 187 | 342 | |
| Mixed breastfeeding | 57 (37) | 117 (63) | 177 (51) | |
| Mixed formula feeding | 91 (59) | 53 (28) | 149 (43) | <0.001 |
| Solids only | 7 (5) | 17 (9) | 24 (7) | |
WFAZ, weight‐for‐age z‐score; HFAZ, height‐for‐age z‐score.