Figure 5.

Application of color Doppler Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography method in 26‐week fetus with hypoplastic left heart and coarctation of aorta (diagnostic planes with automatic labeling shown) (see Videoclip S7). Spatiotemporal image correlation volume was acquired with color Doppler ultrasound. Three vessels and trachea view shows hypoplastic transverse aortic arch with retrograde flow (red color), along with dilated pulmonary artery demonstrating antegrade flow (blue color). In four‐chamber view, left side of heart is severely hypoplastic. There is antegrade flow through tricuspid valve during diastole, but absent flow through atretic mitral valve. Five‐chamber view also demonstrates severely hypoplastic left side, antegrade flow through tricuspid valve and absence of color Doppler signal in atretic aortic root. Left ventricular outflow tract view confirms absence of color Doppler flow through mitral valve, as well as an atretic aortic valve with absent flow. However, antegrade flow is seen through the tricuspid valve. In short‐axis view of great vessels/right ventricular outflow tract, cross‐section of aorta is small when compared with pulmonary artery. There is systolic perfusion across pulmonary valve and trunk. Ductal arch view demonstrates similar findings. Aortic arch view demonstrates very narrow transverse aortic arch (coarctation), with reversed color Doppler flow in this area, as well as in the isthmus. A, transverse aortic arch; Ao, aorta; Desc., descending; IVC, inferior vena cava; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; P, pulmonary artery; PA, pulmonary artery; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract; S, superior vena cava; SVC, superior vena cava; Trans., transverse.