TABLE 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics and prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and inflammation in Rwandan female college students randomly assigned to consume conventional or biofortified beans1
| Control group (n = 78) | Biofortified group (n = 72) | |
| Age, y | 22.3 ± 1.8 | 22.3 ± 1.6 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 22.6 ± 2.9 |
| Anemia (hemoglobin <120 g/L) | 32 (41) | 33 (46) |
| Iron deficiency | ||
| Ferritin <15 μg/L | 71 (91) | 67 (93) |
| Transferrin receptor >8.3 mg/L | 34 (44) | 24 (33) |
| Body iron <0 mg/kg2 | 51 (65) | 47 (65) |
| Iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin <120 g/L and ferritin <15 μg/L) | 32 (41) | 32 (44) |
| Iron deficiency without anemia (hemoglobin ≥120 g/L and ferritin <15 μg/L) | 39 (50) | 35 (49) |
| Any inflammation3 (AGP >1.0 g/L or CRP >5.0 mg/L) | 8 (11) | 8 (12) |
1
Values are means ± SDs or n (%). No significant group differences were found for any of the characteristics presented here. Note that only women with baseline ferritin <20 μg/L were included in the analyses, so the percentages in the table do not reflect the expected population prevalence. AGP, α-1-acid glycoprotein; CRP, C-reactive protein.
2
Calculated using Cook’s method (26).
3
Number of women with AGP and CRP data were 76 and 69, respectively.