FIGURE 3.
Mean ± SD effects of different breakfasts on insulin AUCi and insulin index values. Insulin AUCi values for the glucose drink (A) and white bread (B) and insulin index values (C) for white bread after consumption of breakfasts varying in macronutrient composition are presented. Differences in insulin AUCi and insulin index values between test breakfasts over a 2-h test period were determined with the use of mixed-design ANOVA model with the participant as a random effect and the test breakfast as a fixed effect. The Tukey-Kramer method was used for post hoc analyses. Significance was accepted at P ≤ 0.05. Means with different letters are significantly different from each other. n = 20. AUCi, incremental AUC; C-GLU, carbohydrate, glucose drink; C-WB, carbohydrate, white bread; F-GLU, fat, glucose drink; F-WB, fat, white bread; P-GLU, protein, glucose drink; P-WB, protein, white bread.