Table 3.

Differential Diagnoses for Persistent and Chronic Causes of Diarrhea in Returning Deployer

Protozoa

Giardia lamblia

Cryptosporidium parvum

Isospora belli

Balantidium coli

Enterocytozoon bieneusi

Septata intestinalis

Cyclospora cayetanensis

Entamoeba histolytica

Dientamoeba fragilis

Helminths

Strongyloides stercoralis

Schistosoma species

Ascaris lumbricoides

Capillaria philippinensis

Trichuris trichiura

Trichinella spiralis

Bacteria

Enterobacteriaceae: E. coli (especially enteroadherent),

Shigella species, nontyphoidal Salmonella, Campylobacter species,

Yersinia enterocolitica

Vibrionaceae: Aeromonas species, Plesiomonas species

Clostridium difficile

Unknown pathogens/conditions

Brainerd diarrhea

Tropical sprue

Post-infectious processes

Post-infectious malabsorptive states

Disaccharide intolerance

Subacute tropical malabsorption

Bacterial overgrowth

Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome

Post-dysenteric colitis

Chronic GI diseases unmasked by enteric infection

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease

Ulcerative colitis

Crohn disease

Microscopic colitis

Celiac sprue

Colorectal adenocarcinoma

AIDS